ReviewViruses2025
Interferon-Stimulated Genes and Immune Metabolites as Broad-Spectrum Biomarkers for Viral Infections.
Review in Viruses, 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 9 papers.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
9 citing papers in PubMed.
- GTPase domain of porcine Mx1 protein interacts with the N protein of porcine deltacoronavirus to inhibit viral replication.The Journal of general virology · 2026Article
- The cell with many faces: lung macrophage plasticity and function in response to environmental and pathogenic insults.Physiological reviews · 2026Review
- Metabolism and Excretion of Synthetic Extended Viperin Pathway Deoxydidehydronucleosides in the Sprague-Dawley Rat.Journal of proteome research · 2026Article
- Review
- Mitochondrial-Immune Dysfunction in MS: Therapeutic Potential of EV-Mediated Transfer.Cellular and molecular neurobiology · 2026Review
- AnViruses · 2025Article
- Integrated Transcriptomics and Network Pharmacology Reveal the Mechanism of Poplar-Type Propolis on the Mouse Mastitis Model.Nutrients · 2025Article
- Gut microbiome and viral infections: A hidden nexus for immune protection.World journal of virology · 2025Review
- Interferon-Linked Lipid and Bile Acid Imbalance Uncovered in Ankylosing Spondylitis in a Sibling-Controlled Multi-Omics Study.International journal of molecular sciences · 2025Article
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
4 authors.
Funding
Abstract
The type I interferon (IFN-I) response is a critical component of the immune defense against various viral pathogens, triggering the expression of hundreds of interferon-stimulated genes (ISGs). These ISGs encode proteins with diverse antiviral functions, targeting various stages of viral replication and restricting infection spread. Beyond their antiviral functions, ISGs and associated immune metabolites have emerged as promising broad-spectrum biomarkers that can differentiate viral infections from other conditions. This review provides an overview of the diagnostic potential of ISGs at transcript and protein levels, as well as their immune metabolites. We focus on their clinical applications and the sensitivity and specificity of these biomarkers through receiver operating characteristic (ROC) analysis. We highlight the need for further research to facilitate the effective translation of these biomarkers into clinical practice.
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What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.