Evidence map›Paper›PMID 39861876›Full record

ArticleViruses2025

Co-Infection of

Emma K Harris, Velmurugan Balaraman, Cassidy C Keating, Chester McDowell, J Brian Kimble, Alina De La Mota-Peynado, Erin M Borland, Barbara Graham, William C Wilson, Juergen A Richt and 2 more

Abstract read
In one paragraph

Article in Viruses, 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 2 papers.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
2citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

2 citing papers in PubMed.

  1. Review
  2. Article
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

12 authors.

Emma K HarrisCenter for Vector-Borne Infectious Diseases, Department of Microbiology, Immunology and Pathology, Colorado State University, Fort Collins, CO 80523, USA.ORCID 0000-0001-7800-1909
Velmurugan BalaramanCenter of Excellence for Emerging and Zoonotic Animal Diseases, Diagnostic Medicine/Pathobiology, Kansas State University, Manhattan, KS 66506, USA.ORCID 0000-0003-1671-5572
Cassidy C KeatingCenter of Excellence for Emerging and Zoonotic Animal Diseases, Diagnostic Medicine/Pathobiology, Kansas State University, Manhattan, KS 66506, USA.
Chester McDowellCenter of Excellence for Emerging and Zoonotic Animal Diseases, Diagnostic Medicine/Pathobiology, Kansas State University, Manhattan, KS 66506, USA.ORCID 0000-0001-8452-7288
J Brian KimbleForeign Arthropod-Borne Animal Diseases Research Unit, United States Department of Agriculture, Agricultural Research Service, National Bio and Agro-Defense Facility, Manhattan, KS 66505, USA.ORCID 0000-0003-1245-1530
Alina De La Mota-PeynadoForeign Arthropod-Borne Animal Diseases Research Unit, United States Department of Agriculture, Agricultural Research Service, National Bio and Agro-Defense Facility, Manhattan, KS 66505, USA.
Erin M BorlandCenter for Vector-Borne Infectious Diseases, Department of Microbiology, Immunology and Pathology, Colorado State University, Fort Collins, CO 80523, USA.
Barbara GrahamCenter for Vector-Borne Infectious Diseases, Department of Microbiology, Immunology and Pathology, Colorado State University, Fort Collins, CO 80523, USA.ORCID 0000-0002-4221-1979
William C WilsonForeign Arthropod-Borne Animal Diseases Research Unit, United States Department of Agriculture, Agricultural Research Service, National Bio and Agro-Defense Facility, Manhattan, KS 66505, USA.ORCID 0000-0002-7877-9224
Juergen A RichtCenter of Excellence for Emerging and Zoonotic Animal Diseases, Diagnostic Medicine/Pathobiology, Kansas State University, Manhattan, KS 66506, USA.ORCID 0000-0001-7308-5672
Rebekah C KadingCenter for Vector-Borne Infectious Diseases, Department of Microbiology, Immunology and Pathology, Colorado State University, Fort Collins, CO 80523, USA.ORCID 0000-0002-4996-915X
Natasha N GaudreaultCenter of Excellence for Emerging and Zoonotic Animal Diseases, Diagnostic Medicine/Pathobiology, Kansas State University, Manhattan, KS 66506, USA.ORCID 0000-0002-7195-785X

Funding

STRUCTURAL STUDIES IN THE CENTRAL NERVOUS SYSTEMP01AG000001 · NIA · BOSTON UNIVERSITY MEDICAL CAMPUS · PI ROSENE, DOUGLAS L · 1985 to 2013
$20.7M
Sex-specific effects of obestity on Influenza A virus infection and immunityP20GM130448 · NIGMS · KANSAS STATE UNIVERSITY · PI WAITHAKA MWANGI · 2020 to 2026
$15.8M
Colorado State University 2010-ST061-AG0001NIA NIH HHS P01 AG000001NIGMS NIH HHS P20 GM130448NIGMS NIH HHS P20GM130448
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

Rift Valley fever phlebovirus (RVFV) is a zoonotic mosquito-borne pathogen endemic to sub-Saharan Africa and the Arabian Peninsula which causes Rift Valley fever in ruminant livestock and humans. Co-infection with divergent viral strains can produce reassortment among the L, S, and M segments of the RVFV genome. Reassortment events can produce novel genotypes with altered virulence, transmission dynamics, and/or mosquito host range. This can have severe implications in areas where RVFV is endemic and convolutes our ability to anticipate transmission and circulation in novel geographic regions. Previously, we evaluated the frequency of RVFV reassortment in a susceptible ruminant host and observed low rates of reassortment (0-1.7%). Here, we tested the hypothesis that reassortment occurs predominantly in the mosquito using a highly permissive vector,

Indexed as

CoinfectionCulexMosquito VectorsReassortant VirusesRift Valley FeverRift Valley fever virusAnimalsGenome, ViralGenotypeVirus ReplicationbunyavirusCulex tarsalismosquitoreassortmentRift Valley fever phlebovirus

Identifiers

PMID39861876
PMCPMC11768849

What OpenQuestion holds

Textmetadata
LicenceCC BY
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.