Evidence map›Paper›PMID 39861766›Full record

ArticlePharmaceutics2025

Stable Gastric Pentadecapeptide BPC 157 as Therapy After Surgical Detachment of the Quadriceps Muscle from Its Attachments for Muscle-to-Bone Reattachment in Rats.

Danijel Matek, Irena Matek, Eva Staresinic, Mladen Japjec, Ivan Bojanic, Alenka Boban Blagaic, Lidija Beketic Oreskovic, Ivana Oreskovic, Tihomil Ziger, Tomislav Novinscak and 10 more

Abstract read
In one paragraph

Article in Pharmaceutics, 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 6 papers.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
6citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

6 citing papers in PubMed.

  1. Review
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  6. Review
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

20 authors.

Danijel MatekDepartment of Pharmacology, School of Medicine, University of Zagreb, 10000 Zagreb, Croatia.ORCID 0000-0002-2912-1135
Irena MatekDepartment of Pharmacology, School of Medicine, University of Zagreb, 10000 Zagreb, Croatia.
Eva StaresinicDepartment of Pharmacology, School of Medicine, University of Zagreb, 10000 Zagreb, Croatia.
Mladen JapjecDepartment of Surgery, School of Medicine, University of Zagreb, 10000 Zagreb, Croatia.
Ivan BojanicDepartment of Orthopedic Surgery, School of Medicine, University of Zagreb, 10000 Zagreb, Croatia.ORCID 0000-0002-4236-9637
Alenka Boban BlagaicDepartment of Pharmacology, School of Medicine, University of Zagreb, 10000 Zagreb, Croatia.
Lidija Beketic OreskovicDepartment of Pharmacology, School of Medicine, University of Zagreb, 10000 Zagreb, Croatia.
Ivana OreskovicDepartment of Pharmacology, School of Medicine, University of Zagreb, 10000 Zagreb, Croatia.
Tihomil ZigerDepartment of Pharmacology, School of Medicine, University of Zagreb, 10000 Zagreb, Croatia.
Tomislav NovinscakDepartment of Pharmacology, School of Medicine, University of Zagreb, 10000 Zagreb, Croatia.
Ivan KrezicDepartment of Pharmacology, School of Medicine, University of Zagreb, 10000 Zagreb, Croatia.
Sanja StrbeDepartment of Pharmacology, School of Medicine, University of Zagreb, 10000 Zagreb, Croatia.
Martin DrinkovicDepartment of Pharmacology, School of Medicine, University of Zagreb, 10000 Zagreb, Croatia.
Filip BrkicDepartment of Pharmacology, School of Medicine, University of Zagreb, 10000 Zagreb, Croatia.ORCID 0000-0002-4766-386X
Jelena PopicDepartment of Radiology, School of Medicine, University of Zagreb, 10000 Zagreb, Croatia.
Anita SkrticDepartment of Pathology, School of Medicine, University of Zagreb, 10000 Zagreb, Croatia.ORCID 0000-0002-9275-7283
Sven SeiwerthDepartment of Pathology, School of Medicine, University of Zagreb, 10000 Zagreb, Croatia.
Mario StaresinicDepartment of Surgery, School of Medicine, University of Zagreb, 10000 Zagreb, Croatia.
Predrag SikiricDepartment of Pharmacology, School of Medicine, University of Zagreb, 10000 Zagreb, Croatia.ORCID 0000-0002-7952-2252
Ivica BrizicDepartment of Pharmacology, School of Medicine, University of Mostar, 88000 Mostar, Bosnia and Herzegovina.

Funding

University of Zagreb 10106-22-3071
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

backgroundThis is a novel rat study using native peptide therapy, focused on reversing quadriceps muscle-to-bone detachment to reattachment and stable gastric pentadecapeptide BPC 157 per-oral therapy for shared muscle healing and function restoration.

methodsPharmacotherapy recovering various muscle, tendon, ligament, and bone lesions, and severed junctions (i.e., myotendinous junction), per-oral in particular (BPC 157/kg/day 10 µg, 10 ng), provides muscle-to-bone reattachment after quadriceps muscle detachment, both complete (rectus muscle) and partial (vastus muscles).

resultsImmediately post-injury, and at 1, 2, 3, 5, 7, 14, 21, 28, 60, and 90 days post-injury, quadriceps muscle-to-bone detachment showed definitive healing failure (impaired walking and permanent knee flexure). Contrarily, macro/microscopic, ultrasonic, magnetic resonance, biomechanical, and functional assessments revealed that BPC 157 therapy recovering effects for all time points were consistent. All parameters of the walking pattern fully improved, and soon after detachment and therapy application, muscle approached the bone, leaving a minimal gap (on ultrasonic assessment), and leg contracture was annihilated. The healing process occurs immediately after detachment from both sides: the muscle and the bone. The reattachment fibers from the ends of the muscle could be traced into the new bone formed at the surface (note, at day 3 post-detachment, increased mesenchymal cells occurred with periosteum reactivation). Consequently, at 3 months, the form was stable, and the balance between the muscle and bone was the following: well-organized bone, newly formed as more cortical bone providing a narrower bone marrow space, and the muscle and mature fibers were oriented parallel to the bone axis and were in close contact with bone.

conclusionsTherefore, to achieve quadriceps muscle-to-bone reattachment, the BPC 157 therapy reversing course acts from the beginning, resolving an otherwise insurmountable deleterious course.

Indexed as

contracturemotor function index (MFI)MR imagingmuscle-to-bone detachmentpentadecapeptide BPC 157Sirius red stainingultrasonic imagingwalking recovery index (WRI)

Identifiers

PMID39861766
PMCPMC11768438

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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.