ReviewNutrients2025
Early Optimal Parenteral Nutrition During NICU Stay and Neurodevelopmental Outcomes in Very Preterm Infants: State of the Art.
Review in Nutrients, 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 7 papers.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
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Who cites it
7 citing papers in PubMed.
- A goal-oriented, multimodal, and transition-inclusive nutritional model.Pediatric research · 2026Article
- Growth disparities among NICUs: insights from the New Jersey statewide neonatal collaborative.Journal of perinatology : official journal of the California Perinatal Association · 2026Article
- The impact of central venous catheter use on long-term growth and neurobehavioral outcome in preterm children born < 29 weeks of gestation.Molecular and cellular pediatrics · 2026Article
- Clinical evaluation of a novel preterm standardised parenteral nutrition system for targeted macronutrient delivery.Pediatric research · 2026Article
- Machine Learning-Driven Computer Vision System for Automated Fat and Energy Quantification in Human Milk Microcapillaries.Sensors (Basel, Switzerland) · 2026Article
- Artificial intelligence-guided nutritional therapy in the ICU.Current opinion in clinical nutrition and metabolic care · 2026Review
- Review
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
7 authors.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
backgroundPreterm infants (PIs) are more susceptible to neurodevelopmental impairment compared with term newborns. Adequate postnatal growth has been associated with improved neurocognitive outcomes; therefore, optimization of nutrition may positively impact the neurodevelopment of PIs.
objectiveThis study focused on macronutrient parenteral nutrition (PN) intake during the Neonatal Intensive Care Unit stay and their associations with neurodevelopmental outcomes in PIs in the first two years of life.
methodsThe Embase, MEDLINE, and Cochrane Library databases were searched using the following subject headings and terms (MeSH): "premature infants", "parenteral nutrition", "growth", "brain", "neurodevelopment", and "central nervous system diseases". All relevant papers' reference lists were manually searched. PN and neurodevelopment studies concerning the first two years of life were collected and analyzed.
results275 potential studies were retrieved, 64 were selected for full-text reading, and 22 were included (12 randomized controlled trials). While glucose intakes should be immediately provided and strictly monitored avoiding hyperglycemia, the long-term outcomes of aggressive PN caloric intakes are uncertain. Early amino acid (AA) supplementation is mandatory and improves short-term growth, though it is questionable whether increased AA and better neurodevelopment are directly related. Lipid infusion should be initiated right after birth, and further investigation will enable us to ascertain the potential impacts of lipid emulsions, particularly fish oil, on PI neurodevelopment.
conclusionsAn aggressive PN and its possible metabolic complication could not favor neurodevelopment; the way forward could be a customized approach, depending on the patient's clinical state and tolerance. Long-term follow-up studies and the search for specific markers of tolerance are warranted.
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