Evidence map›Paper›PMID 39860554›Full record

ReviewJournal of clinical medicine2025

Explainable AI in Digestive Healthcare and Gastrointestinal Endoscopy.

Miguel Mascarenhas, Francisco Mendes, Miguel Martins, Tiago Ribeiro, João Afonso, Pedro Cardoso, João Ferreira, João Fonseca, Guilherme Macedo

Abstract readReview
In one paragraph

Review in Journal of clinical medicine, 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 18 papers.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
18citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

18 citing papers in PubMed.

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4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

9 authors.

Miguel MascarenhasPrecision Medicine Unit, Department of Gastroenterology, São João University Hospital, 4200-427 Porto, Portugal.ORCID 0000-0002-0340-0830
Francisco MendesPrecision Medicine Unit, Department of Gastroenterology, São João University Hospital, 4200-427 Porto, Portugal.ORCID 0000-0002-5890-7049
Miguel MartinsPrecision Medicine Unit, Department of Gastroenterology, São João University Hospital, 4200-427 Porto, Portugal.ORCID 0000-0002-0484-4804
Tiago RibeiroPrecision Medicine Unit, Department of Gastroenterology, São João University Hospital, 4200-427 Porto, Portugal.
João AfonsoPrecision Medicine Unit, Department of Gastroenterology, São João University Hospital, 4200-427 Porto, Portugal.
Pedro CardosoPrecision Medicine Unit, Department of Gastroenterology, São João University Hospital, 4200-427 Porto, Portugal.
João FerreiraDepartment of Mechanical Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, University of Porto, 4099-002 Porto, Portugal.
João FonsecaFaculty of Medicine, University of Porto, 4200-427 Porto, Portugal.ORCID 0000-0002-0887-8796
Guilherme MacedoPrecision Medicine Unit, Department of Gastroenterology, São João University Hospital, 4200-427 Porto, Portugal.ORCID 0000-0002-9387-9872

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

An important impediment to the incorporation of artificial intelligence-based tools into healthcare is their association with so-called black box medicine, a concept arising due to their complexity and the difficulties in understanding how they reach a decision. This situation may compromise the clinician's trust in these tools, should any errors occur, and the inability to explain how decisions are reached may affect their relationship with patients. Explainable AI (XAI) aims to overcome this limitation by facilitating a better understanding of how AI models reach their conclusions for users, thereby enhancing trust in the decisions reached. This review first defined the concepts underlying XAI, establishing the tools available and how they can benefit digestive healthcare. Examples of the application of XAI in digestive healthcare were provided, and potential future uses were proposed. In addition, aspects of the regulatory frameworks that must be established and the ethical concerns that must be borne in mind during the development of these tools were discussed. Finally, we considered the challenges that this technology faces to ensure that optimal benefits are reaped, highlighting the need for more research into the use of XAI in this field.

Indexed as

artificial intelligenceexplainable AIgastroenterologygastrointestinal endoscopy

Identifiers

PMID39860554
PMCPMC11765989

What OpenQuestion holds

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Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.