Textronic Sensors of Hazardous Gaseous Substances.

Ewa Skrzetuska, Paulina Rzeźniczak, Zuzanna Błaszkowska, Hubert Ciszek, Olga Kowalczyk, Michał Olecki

Abstract read

In one paragraph

Article in Materials (Basel, Switzerland), 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 1 paper.

0numbers the graph read from it

0cells of the map it votes in

1citing papers in PubMed

–field-weighted citation impact

1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

1 citing paper in PubMed.

Influence of the Ozonation Process on Expanded Graphite for Textile Gas Sensors.Sensors (Basel, Switzerland) · 2025
Article

4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

6 authors.

Ewa SkrzetuskaFaculty of Material Technologies and Textile Design, Textile Institute, Lodz University of Technology, 116. Żeromskiego Str., 90-924 Lodz, Poland.ORCID 0000-0001-6565-1750

Paulina RzeźniczakFaculty of Material Technologies and Textile Design, Textile Institute, Lodz University of Technology, 116. Żeromskiego Str., 90-924 Lodz, Poland.ORCID 0000-0003-1233-8917

Zuzanna BłaszkowskaFaculty of Electrical, Electronic, Computer and Control Engineering, Lodz University of Technology, 18. Stefanowskiego Str., 90-924 Lodz, Poland.

Hubert CiszekFaculty of Electrical, Electronic, Computer and Control Engineering, Lodz University of Technology, 18. Stefanowskiego Str., 90-924 Lodz, Poland.

Olga KowalczykFaculty of Electrical, Electronic, Computer and Control Engineering, Lodz University of Technology, 18. Stefanowskiego Str., 90-924 Lodz, Poland.

Michał OleckiFaculty of Electrical, Electronic, Computer and Control Engineering, Lodz University of Technology, 18. Stefanowskiego Str., 90-924 Lodz, Poland.

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

Toxic materials are a threat in workplaces and the environment, as well as households. In them, gaseous substances are included, especially ones without any colour or fragrance, due to their non-detectability with the human senses. In this article, an attempt was made to find a solution for its detection in various conditions with the use of intelligent textiles. The approach was to perform modification on fifteen materials by screen printing using carbon nanotubes paste with expanded graphite and embroidery with stainless steel thread and then investigate their reaction with risky gases such as acetone, methanol and toluene. Four combinations of samples were tested: before tests, after the washing test and after the alkaline and acidic sweat contact test. Three materials can be highlighted. Para-aramid knitwear which reacted well to all tested gases. The biggest value of sensory percentage response was 144%. Screen-printed linen knitwear showed properly detecting skills after washing test for toluene. The biggest value of sensory percentage response was noted at 186%. The third most promising material was low surface mass cotton knitwear with embroidery which had a visible response at every stage of testing for acetone. The biggest value of sensory percentage response was 94% and the smallest one was 27%. For these three materials, repeated contact with harmful gases was tested. Simulations showed also repeated responses expressed in changes in surface resistance under changed conditions. After analysis, there is a possibility to create textile sensors for the detection of hazardous substances.

Indexed as

acetoneembroiderygas sensorsintelligent textilesmetal threadmethanolscreen printingtoluene

Identifiers

PMID39859811

DOI10.3390/ma18020341

PMCPMC11766873

What OpenQuestion holds

Textmetadata

LicenceCC BY

Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.