ArticleMicroorganisms2025
Fecal Microbiome and Metabolomic Profiles of Mixed-Fed Infants Are More Similar to Formula-Fed than Breastfed Infants.
Article in Microorganisms, 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 7 papers.
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
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Who cites it
7 citing papers in PubMed.
- Exploratory integrative analysis of infant gut microbiome and metabolome suggests diet- and microbiome-derived metabolites associated with childhood asthma.Metabolomics : Official journal of the Metabolomic Society · 2026Article
- Dynamic Succession of the Early-Life Gut Microbiota and the Regulatory Role of Human Milk Oligosaccharides.Nutrients · 2026Review
- Longitudinal fecal amino acid profiles in extremely preterm infants: early-life determinants and associations with late-onset sepsis.Metabolomics : Official journal of the Metabolomic Society · 2026Article
- Protecting Newborns from Multidrug-Resistant Infections: The Emerging Role of Bacteriophages.Viruses · 2026Review
- Shaping of the Infant Gut Microbiome by Milk Oligosaccharides.Annual review of biochemistry · 2026Review
- Metabolomic analysis reveals the role of gut microbiota metabolic disorders in heart failure due to congenital heart disease.Scientific reports · 2026Article
- The human microbiome in clinical translation: from bench to bedside.Frontiers in microbiology · 2025Review
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
4 authors.
Funding
Abstract
Many infants consume both human milk and infant formula (mixed-fed); however, few studies have investigated how mixed feeding affects the gut microbiome composition and metabolic profiles compared to exclusive breastfeeding or formula feeding. Herein, how delivery mode and early nutrition affect the microbiome and metabolome of 6-week-old infants in the STRONG Kids2 cohort was investigated. Fecal samples were collected from exclusively breastfed (BF; n = 25), formula-fed (FF; n = 25) or mixed-fed (MF; n = 25) participants. Within each feeding group, infants were either delivered vaginally (VD; n = 13) or by Cesarean section (CS; n = 12). Feeding mode affects the fecal microbiome diversity, composition, and functional potential, as well as metabolomic profiles regardless of delivery mode. Alpha and beta diversity of MF differed from that of BF (
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.