The Grouping Patterns of

Xuejun Ma, David Blank, Feng Xu

Abstract read

In one paragraph

Article in Animals : an open access journal from MDPI, 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.

0numbers the graph read from it

0cells of the map it votes in

0citing papers in PubMed

–field-weighted citation impact

1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

0 citing papers in PubMed.

No citing paper in PubMed yet.

4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

3 authors.

Xuejun MaXinjiang Key Laboratory for Ecological Adaptation and Evolution of Extreme Environment Biology, College of Life Sciences, Xinjiang Agricultural University, Urumqi 830052, China.

David BlankCAS Research Center for Ecology and Environment of Central Asia, Bishkek 720001, Kyrgyzstan.

Feng XuXinjiang Key Laboratory for Ecological Adaptation and Evolution of Extreme Environment Biology, College of Life Sciences, Xinjiang Agricultural University, Urumqi 830052, China.ORCID 0000-0001-8925-977X

Funding

the China Biodiversity Observation Network Sino-BONthe Third Xinjiang Scientific Expedition Program 2021xjkk0600

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

Grouping behavior is a fundamental component of animal population dynamics, shaped by both environmental factors and the social interactions among individuals, ultimately enhancing adaptability to their habitats. However, the social organization of the wapiti subspecies inhabiting the Tian Shan Mountains remains poorly understood. In this study, we investigated the grouping behavior of Tianshan wapiti in the Bogda Peak Nature Reserve, northwestern China from July 2019 to November 2020. Using infrared-triggered camera traps, we analyzed seasonal variation in group size and group frequency, as well as sex-specific aggregation and segregation pattern. Our results showed that Tianshan wapiti group sizes varied considerably, ranging from 1 to 32 individuals, with most groups being relatively smaller, typically consisting of 1 to 9 individuals. Seasonal differences in group size were significant (

Indexed as

grouping patternsgroup sizegroup types frequency

Identifiers

PMID39858247

DOI10.3390/ani15020247

PMCPMC11759144

What OpenQuestion holds

Textmetadata

LicenceCC BY

Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.