ReviewAnimals : an open access journal from MDPI2025
The Erythrocyte Sedimentation Rate (ESR) in Veterinary Medicine: A Focused Review in Dogs and Cats.
Review in Animals : an open access journal from MDPI, 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 6 papers.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
6 citing papers in PubMed.
- Cola hispida Leaf Extract Attenuates Carbon Tetrachloride-Induced Hepato-Reno-Hematotoxicity via Antioxidant Modulation in Rats.Environmental toxicology · 2026Article
- Comparison of Westergren and Automated Erythrocyte Sedimentation Rate Measurements in Dogs and Cats.Animals : an open access journal from MDPI · 2026Article
- Prognostic Significance of Erythrocyte Sedimentation Rate for Survival in Equine Colic.Animals : an open access journal from MDPI · 2026Article
- The Erythrocyte Sedimentation Rate as a Novel Prognostic Marker in Canine Inflammatory Diseases.Animals : an open access journal from MDPI · 2025Article
- Clinical and Clinico-Pathological Observations of the Erythrocyte Sedimentation Rate in Dogs Affected by Leishmaniosis and Monitored During Antileishmanial Treatment.Animals : an open access journal from MDPI · 2025Article
- Size-dependent aggregation of erythrocytes by low molecular weight hyaluronic acids of different sizes: bioactivity and quality control potential.Frontiers in physiology · 2025Article
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
7 authors.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
The erythrocyte sedimentation rate (ESR) measures the rate at which erythrocytes aggregate and sediment in a fixed time in an anticoagulated blood tube and is expressed as a speed (mm/h). The ESR is still widely used in human medicine mainly as a modified or alternate method to the original Westergren. In veterinary medicine, it was employed in the 1940s-1960s after which it was gradually abandoned or rarely employed. More papers using the Westergren method have been published in dogs rather than in cats. In recent years, the test has regained importance. This narrative review describes the principle of ESR, which is related to the increase in a few acute response proteins such as fibrinogen, immunoglobulin M, and α2-macroglobulin which act to aggregate RBCs. Reference intervals were established for dogs and cats for the original and modified Westergren method. The ESR is mainly used to detect inflammatory conditions derived from infection, urinary or orthopedic disorders, and also miscellaneous diseases. The application of the modified ESR is supported by appropriate reference intervals; however, further studies are needed to assess the influence of age, sex, and breed both for dogs and cats.
Indexed as
Identifiers
What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.