ArticleCancers2025
Racial and Geographic Disparities in Colorectal Cancer Incidence and Associated County-Level Risk Factors in Mississippi, 2003-2020: An Ecological Study.
Article in Cancers, 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 3 papers.
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
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Who cites it
3 citing papers in PubMed.
- Assessing the spatiotemporal dynamics and driving factors of human brucellosis in Northern Xinjiang, China (2015-2023).Tropical medicine and health · 2026Article
- Burden of colon and rectum cancer attributable to a diet high in red meat in the United States, 1990-2021.Frontiers in nutrition · 2026Article
- Mortality Outcomes for Survivors of Cancer With Food Insecurity in the US.JAMA health forum · 2025Article
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4 authors.
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Abstract
introductionColorectal cancer (CRC) is the third most commonly diagnosed cancer in the United States (U.S.). Mississippi has the highest rate of CRC incidence in the U.S. and has large populations of black and white individuals, allowing for studies of racial disparities.
methodsWe conducted an ecological study using the county as the unit of analysis. CRC incidence data at the county level for black and white populations in Mississippi, covering the years 2003 to 2020, were retrieved from the Mississippi Cancer Registry. Age-adjusted incidence rate differences and their corresponding 95% confidence intervals (CIs) were then calculated for these groups. Getis-Ord Gi* hot and cold spot analysis of CRC incidence rate racial disparities was performed using ArcGIS Pro. We used global ordinary least square regression and geographically weighted regression (MGWR version 2.2) to identify factors associated with racial differences in CRC incidence rates.
resultsAge-adjusted CRC incidence rate in the black population (median = 58.12/100,000 population) and in the white population (median = 46.44/100,000 population) varied by geographical area. Statistically significant racial differences in CRC incidence rates were identified in 28 counties, all of which showed higher incidence rates among the black population compared to the white population. No hot spots were detected, indicating that there were no spatial clusters of areas with pronounced racial disparities. As a post hoc analysis, after considering multicollinearity and a directed acyclic graph, a parsimonious multiple regression model showed an association (β = 0.93, 95% CI: 0.25, 1.62) indicating that a 1% increase in food insecurity was associated with a 0.93/100,000 differential increase in the black-white CRC incidence rate. Geographically weighted regression did not reveal any local patterns in this association.
conclusionsBlack-white racial disparities in CRC incidence were found in 28 counties in Mississippi. The county-level percentage of food insecurity emerged as a possible predictor of the observed black-white racial disparities in CRC incidence rates. Individual-level studies are needed to clarify whether food insecurity is a driver of these disparities or a marker of systemic disadvantage in these counties.
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