Evidence map›Paper›PMID 39857921›Full record

ArticleChildren (Basel, Switzerland)2025

Kinetics and Kinematics of Shape Tracing in Children with Probable Developmental Coordination Disorder (pDCD).

Michal Hochhauser, Yfat Ben Refael, Esther Adi-Japha, Rachel Bartov

Abstract read
In one paragraph

Article in Children (Basel, Switzerland), 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.

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1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

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3 · Its place in the literature

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4 · The record

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5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

4 authors.

Michal HochhauserDepartment of Occupational Therapy, Ariel University, Ariel 40700, Israel.ORCID 0000-0002-2265-3913
Yfat Ben RefaelDepartment of Occupational Therapy, Ariel University, Ariel 40700, Israel.ORCID 0000-0003-4587-4329
Esther Adi-JaphaFaculty of Education, Bar-Ilan University, Ramat Gan 5290002, Israel.
Rachel BartovDepartment of Occupational Therapy, Ariel University, Ariel 40700, Israel.ORCID 0009-0001-6860-659X

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

backgroundChildren with developmental coordination disorder (DCD) exhibit visual-motor deficits affecting handwriting. Shape tracing, a key prerequisite for handwriting, supports motor and cognitive development but remains underexplored in research, particularly in objectively studying its role in children with DCD.

objectivesTo compare the kinetics (pressure applied to the writing surface) and kinematics (spatial and temporal aspects) of shape tracing in children with pDCD to those of typically developing (TD) peers utilizing a digitized tablet.

methodsA total of 27 children with pDCD aged 7 to 12 years and 27 TD children matched by age and gender traced five unique shapes resembling print letters onto a digitized tablet. Participants' performance measurements included precision, time, smoothness, velocity, and pressure.

resultsThe findings revealed lower precision, longer duration, more smoothness but less consistency, lower velocity, and less pressure application in the pDCD group.

conclusionsThis research underlies the mechanisms of shape-tracing difficulties in children with DCD. Insights into early shape-tracing processes beyond product outcomes are essential for therapeutic and educational interventions, with digitized tablets offering a novel tool for assessing graphomotor skills in children with DCD.

Indexed as

biomechanical phenomenacognitionhandwritingmotor skills disordersvisual–motor integration

Identifiers

PMID39857921
PMCPMC11764054

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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.