Betalain-Chickpea Protein Particles Produced by Freeze Drying and Spray Drying: Physicochemical Aspects, Storage Stability, and In Vitro Digestion.

Mary H Grace, Roberta Targino Hoskin, Malak Alghamdi, Mary Ann Lila, Vesela I Chalova

Abstract read

In one paragraph

Article in Foods (Basel, Switzerland), 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 1 paper.

0numbers the graph read from it

0cells of the map it votes in

1citing papers in PubMed

–field-weighted citation impact

1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

1 citing paper in PubMed.

Stability of Phytochemical Compounds and Antioxidant Capacity of Garambullo (Foods (Basel, Switzerland) · 2026
Article

4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

5 authors.

Mary H GracePlants for Human Health Institute, Department of Food, Bioprocessing and Nutrition Sciences, North Carolina State University, 600 Laureate Way, Kannapolis, NC 28081, USA.ORCID 0000-0002-8536-4211

Roberta Targino HoskinPlants for Human Health Institute, Department of Food, Bioprocessing and Nutrition Sciences, North Carolina State University, 600 Laureate Way, Kannapolis, NC 28081, USA.ORCID 0000-0003-0900-4983

Malak AlghamdiPlants for Human Health Institute, Department of Food, Bioprocessing and Nutrition Sciences, North Carolina State University, 600 Laureate Way, Kannapolis, NC 28081, USA.

Mary Ann LilaPlants for Human Health Institute, Department of Food, Bioprocessing and Nutrition Sciences, North Carolina State University, 600 Laureate Way, Kannapolis, NC 28081, USA.ORCID 0000-0002-4928-3836

Vesela I ChalovaPlants for Human Health Institute, Department of Food, Bioprocessing and Nutrition Sciences, North Carolina State University, 600 Laureate Way, Kannapolis, NC 28081, USA.ORCID 0000-0001-5139-5389

Funding

State of North Carolina and the National Science Foundation ECCS-2025064

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

Beetroots are one of the primary sources of betalains, nitrogenous pigments with anti-inflammatory and antioxidant properties. However, due to their chemical instability, betalains have limited use in food applications. This work investigated whether betalains encapsulated in chickpea protein could be stabilized and delivered in a shelf-stable format. Freeze-dried (CB-FD) and spray-dried (CB-SD) protein-betalain particles encapsulated in chickpea protein isolate (6%

Indexed as

delivery methodpigmentsplant basedprotein-rich particlesvalorization

Identifiers

PMID39856947

DOI10.3390/foods14020281

PMCPMC11765016

What OpenQuestion holds

Textmetadata

LicenceCC BY

Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.