ArticleScientific reports2025
Morphological and functional analysis of colorectal cancer cell lines in 2D and 3D culture models.
Article in Scientific reports, 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 3 papers.
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Who cites it
3 citing papers in PubMed.
- Beyond the Monolayer: Leveraging 3D Culture Systems to Decode Mechanisms of Drug Resistance and Therapeutic Vulnerabilities in Colorectal Cancer.Cancer medicine · 2026Review
- Single-cell analysis of anchorage-independent growth ability in pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma cell lines.BMC research notes · 2026Article
- Down-regulation of RBM47 due to diminished activation by forkhead box A1 (FOXA1) and silencing by CpG methylation is associated with epithelial-mesenchymal transition and metastasis of colorectal cancer.Molecular biomedicine · 2025Article
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Authors and funding
17 authors.
Funding
Abstract
The epithelial and mesenchymal features of colorectal adenocarcinoma (CRAC) cell lines were compared in two-dimensional (2D) and three-dimensional (3D) cultures. In 2D cultures, the three CRAC cell lines exhibited epithelial characteristics with high E-cadherin and low vimentin levels, whereas two exhibited mesenchymal traits with opposite expression patterns. In 3D cultures using low-attachment plates, mesenchymal cells from 2D cultures showed reduced vimentin mRNA levels. Morphologically, the five CRAC cell lines appeared similarly shaped in 2D culture but formed different structures in 3D culture. Epithelial DLD-1 and mesenchymal COLO-320 cells produced large granular spheres, whereas epithelial HCT-15 cells formed small solid spheres. Tubular structures were observed in epithelial CACO-2 and mesenchymal SW480 spheres. Desmosome-like structures developed in epithelial CRAC cells, whereas entosis was observed in CACO-2, HCT-15, and SW480 cells. The Ki-67-positive proliferating cell count varied in 2D and 3D cultures of epithelial cells but remained high and unchanged in mesenchymal cells. These findings suggest that while CRAC cells display distinct epithelial and mesenchymal properties in 2D cultures, they form diverse 3D structures, irrespective of these traits.
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