Evidence map›Paper›PMID 39856176›Full record

ArticleAesthetic plastic surgery2025

Upper Blepharoplasty for Dermatochalasis With or Without Resection of the Orbicularis Oculi Muscle, Preaponeurotic and Nasal Fat Pads: A Comparative Study.

Juan A Viscardi, Salvatore Giordano

Abstract readComparative Study
In one paragraph

Article in Aesthetic plastic surgery, 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 1 paper.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
1citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

1 citing paper in PubMed.

  1. Article
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

2 authors.

Juan A ViscardiDepartment of Plastic and General Surgery, Turku University Hospital and The University of Turku, Turku, Finland. juan.viscardi@hotmail.com.ORCID 0000-0003-1547-1668
Salvatore GiordanoDepartment of Plastic and General Surgery, Turku University Hospital and The University of Turku, Turku, Finland.

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

objectiveUpper blepharoplasty is the gold standard procedure for upper eyelid dermatochalasis. Upper blepharoplasties procedures include removing the skin, orbicularis oculi muscle, preaponeurotic, or nasal fat pad. The purpose of this study is to report surgical outcomes and compare them to the most common techniques. MATERIAL AND

methodsA retrospective review of 386 consecutive patients who underwent upper blepharoplasty at Turku University Hospital from January 1st, 2015 to June 30th, 2017 was conducted. Data collected include patient demographics, surgical details, and details regarding the type and frequency of complications.

resultsDuring the study period, 51 upper blepharoplasties with orbicularis oculi muscle excision, skin, preaponeurotic and nasal fat pads removal (study group) and 335 upper blepharoplasties with skin only removal (control group) were performed. Non-parametric tests showed that operative time (M=60.2min; SD=11.7min) and return to work (M=8.0days; SD=3.1days) were significantly shorter in the control group. No significant differences in the total amount of complications were detected (7.8% vs 2.4%, p=0.075). Subjective patients' satisfaction was significantly higher in the study group (from 0-10, mean 8.3 vs 7.0, p=0.034).

conclusionsWhen compared to skin-only blepharoplasty, upper blepharoplasty with orbicularis oculi muscle excision, removal of skin, preaponeurotic and nasal fat pad appears to be a safe surgery with improved patient satisfaction and without carrying on additional complications. LEVEL OF EVIDENCE III: This journal requires that authors assign a level of evidence to each article. For a full description of these Evidence-Based Medicine ratings, please refer to the Table of Contents or the online Instructions to Authors www.springer.com/00266 .

Indexed as

Adipose TissueBlepharoplastyOculomotor MusclesAdultAgedCohort StudiesEstheticsEyelidsFemaleFollow-Up StudiesHumansMaleMiddle AgedPatient SatisfactionRetrospective StudiesRisk AssessmentBlepharoplastyComplicationsDermatochalasisNasal fat padOrbicularis oculi musclePreaponeurotic fat pad

Identifiers

PMID39856176
PMCPMC11968455

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Registered trials

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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.