ArticleNature communications2025
Artificial cells with all-aqueous droplet-in-droplet structures for spatially separated transcription and translation.
Article in Nature communications, 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 8 papers.
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Who cites it
8 citing papers in PubMed.
- Supramolecular nanofiber stabilization of microdroplets enables ultra-sensitive virus infection analysis.Nature communications · 2026Article
- Microbubble elevator induced buoyancy oscillations of reacting droplets.Nature communications · 2026Article
- Bottom-Up Coacervate-Based Artificial Cells: Integrating Cellular Hallmarks into Complex Life-Like Systems.Angewandte Chemie (International ed. in English) · 2026Review
- Dynamics of synthetic transcriptional condensates emerge from RNA synthesis and degradation.bioRxiv : the preprint server for biology · 2026Article
- Recent Advances in Reactive Microdroplets for Clean Water and Energy.Advanced materials (Deerfield Beach, Fla.) · 2025Review
- Artificial cells with liquid-liquid phase separation-regulated cell-free protein synthesis.Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America · 2025Article
- Article
- Substrate Exclusion Greenlights Physical Autocatalysis of Enzyme Activity in Membraneless Proto-Organelles.Biomacromolecules · 2025Article
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
3 authors.
Funding
Abstract
The design of functional artificial cells involves compartmentalizing biochemical processes to mimic cellular organization. To emulate the complex chemical systems in biological cells, it is necessary to incorporate an increasing number of cellular functions into single compartments. Artificial organelles that spatially segregate reactions inside artificial cells will be beneficial in this context by rectifying biochemical pathways. Here, we develop artificial cells with all-aqueous droplet-in-droplet structures that separate transcription and translation processes like the nucleus and cytosol in eukaryotic cells. This architecture uses protein-based inner droplets and aqueous two-phase outer compartments, stabilized by colloidal emulsifiers. The inner droplet is designed to enrich DNA and RNA polymerase for transcription, coupled to translation at the outer droplet via mRNA-mediated cascade reactions. We show that these processes proceed independently within each compartment, maintaining genotype-phenotype correspondence. This approach provides a practical tool for exploring complex systems of artificial organelles within large ensembles of artificial cells.
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Registered trials
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