Observational studyBMJ open2025
Retrospective observational study of the association between changes in physical activity and frailty in middle-aged and older adults: evidence from the Korean Longitudinal Study of Aging (2006-2022).
Observational study in BMJ open, 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 2 papers.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
2 citing papers in PubMed.
- Long-Term Physical Activity Patterns and Risk of Future Frailty: A Systematic Review and Age-Stratified Meta-Analysis.Geriatrics (Basel, Switzerland) · 2026Review
- The Association Between Healthy Lifestyle Score Trajectory and Frailty in Middle-Aged and Older Adults in Korea: Findings from the Korean Longitudinal Study of Aging (2006-2024).Medicina (Kaunas, Lithuania) · 2026Article
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
4 authors.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
objectivesThis study aimed to investigate the relationship between changes in physical activity and frailty among middle-aged and older adults in Korea, using panel data from the 2006-2022 Korean Longitudinal Study of Aging (KLoSA).
designRetrospective observational study.
settingFor this longitudinal panel study, data were sourced from the KLoSA dataset.
participantsWe analysed data from 5594 participants (2855 males and 2739 females) extracted from KLoSA data collected between 2006 and 2022. PRIMARY AND SECONDARY OUTCOME MEASURES: The frailty index was calculated based on 6 clinical domains comprising 34 age-related health deficits. Changes in physical activity were categorised as persistently inactive, decreased, increased or persistently active. Logistic regression analysis using generalised estimating equations was conducted to assess the association between changes in physical activity and frailty.
resultsThe persistently active group (OR=0.45, 95% CI: 0.40 to 0.50) showed a lower likelihood of frailty than did the persistently inactive group. In the group that increased their physical activity, the OR was 0.57 (95% CI: 0.52 to 0.63), and higher ORs were observed for current smokers and those residing in rural areas.
conclusionsThis study demonstrated that persistent and increased physical activity is associated with lower frailty in middle-aged and older adults in Korea. Therefore, participation in physical activity in the older adults is one of the important ways to prevent frailty.
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