Evidence map›Paper›PMID 39854472›Full record

ArticlePloS one2025

Incidence and predictors of mortality among HIV positive children on anti-retroviral therapy in the selected health facilities of West Wollega Zone, Western Ethiopia: Retrospective cohort study.

Gelane Gurmu, Emiru Merdassa, Gemechu Tiruneh, Keneni Efrem, Firezer Belay, Lalisa Mekonnen, Jira Wakoya Feyisa, Matiyos Lema, Adisu Tafari Shama, Markos Desalegn

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Article in PloS one, 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 2 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
2citing papers in PubMed, 1 pooled it
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

2 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it.

  1. Pooled it
  2. Article
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

10 authors.

Gelane GurmuGimbi General Hospital, Oromia Regional Health Bureau, Gimbi, Ethiopia.
Emiru MerdassaDepartments of Public Health, Institute of Health Sciences, Wollega University, Ethiopia.ORCID 0000-0003-4083-2189
Gemechu TirunehDepartments of Public Health, Institute of Health Sciences, Wollega University, Ethiopia.
Keneni EfremGimbi General Hospital, Oromia Regional Health Bureau, Gimbi, Ethiopia.
Firezer BelayDepartments of Public Health, Institute of Health Sciences, Wollega University, Ethiopia.
Lalisa MekonnenGimbi General Hospital, Oromia Regional Health Bureau, Gimbi, Ethiopia.
Jira Wakoya FeyisaDepartments of Public Health, Institute of Health Sciences, Wollega University, Ethiopia.ORCID 0000-0002-9774-2398
Matiyos LemaDepartments of Public Health, Institute of Health Sciences, Wollega University, Ethiopia.
Adisu Tafari ShamaDepartments of Public Health, Institute of Health Sciences, Wollega University, Ethiopia.
Markos DesalegnDepartments of Public Health, Institute of Health Sciences, Wollega University, Ethiopia.

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

introductionThe mortality rate among Human immunodeficiency Virus (HIV) who have started antiretroviral therapy (ART) continues to be increased in resource-limited countries, despite a decline in developed nations. Furthermore, research within this age group is limited and has not previously been conducted in the study area. Consequently, this study aimed to determine the incidence of mortality and its predictors among HIV-positive children who have been receiving ART at public health facilities in West Wollega.

objectiveTo assess incidence rate and predictors of mortality among HIV-positive children on ART at selected health facilities of West Wollega, Ethiopia, 2022.

methodsA retrospective cohort study design was conducted. A simple random sampling method was employed to select 286 children living with HIV who started ART from 01 January 2012 to 31 October 2021. Data were entered into Epi-Data Version 3.1, and STATA Version 14 was used for statistical analysis. A Kaplan-Meir survival curve and Long Rank test were used to estimate survival probability and assess statistical differences. The Cox regression model was used to determine independent predictors of mortality.

resultsThe total follow-up time was 15, 652 child-months, and the overall incidence of mortality was 1.92 (95%CI: 1.34, 2.74) per 1000 child-months. The median time to death following the initiation of ART was 6 months. This study also showed that children with WHO clinical stage III (AHR = 3.4, 95% CI: 1.2, 7.4), stage IV (AHR = 5.4, 95%CI: 1.5, 19.8), Being anemic (AHR = 4.9, 95%CI: 1.8, 13.4), CD4 cell count below threshold (AHR = 3.7, 95%CI = 1.4, 9.5), delayed developmental milestone (AHR = 4.5, 95%CI: 1.7, 11.7) were at higher risk of mortality.

conclusionThe overall mortality rate was lower compared to the previous study findings. Anemia, WHO clinical stage, CD4 cell count, and delayed developmental milestones were independent predictors of mortality. Therefore, the focus should be given to all children on ART during the early periods of ART initiation, advanced HIV disease, presence of anemia, severe immune deficiency, and delayed developmental milestones.

Indexed as

Anti-HIV AgentsAnti-Retroviral AgentsHIV InfectionsChildChild, PreschoolEthiopiaFemaleHealth FacilitiesHumansIncidenceInfantMaleRetrospective StudiesAnti-HIV AgentsAnti-Retroviral Agents

Identifiers

PMID39854472
PMCPMC11759375

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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.