ArticleEndocrine2025
Capecitabine and temozolomide or temozolomide alone in patients with atypical carcinoids.
Article in Endocrine, 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 3 papers.
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
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Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
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Who cites it
3 citing papers in PubMed.
- Real-World Effectiveness of Capecitabine and Temozolomide Across Endocrine and Neuroendocrine Neoplasm Subtypes (ENENs): A Population-Based Cohort Study from Alberta, Canada (2011-2021).Current oncology (Toronto, Ont.) · 2026Article
- Updates on Pulmonary Neuroendocrine Carcinoids: Progress and Perspectives.Journal of clinical medicine · 2025Review
- Prognostic models for large cell neuroendocrine lung carcinoma: a machine learning and regression approach.Translational lung cancer research · 2025Article
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
10 authors.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
backgroundLung neuroendocrine neoplasms (NENs) represent about 20% of all lung cancers. Few therapeutic options are available for atypical carcinoids (ACs). Single-agent temozolomide (TEM) is active in lung NENs, but whether the addition of capecitabine (CAPTEM) is associated with improved outcomes, is unknown. We sought to investigate the TEM-based therapies (TEM or CAPTEM) in patients with advanced AC. MATERIAL AND
methodsThis was a retrospective analysis of prospectively collected data from patients with AC of the lung referred to our institution from January 2003 to January 2023 who have received chemotherapy with either TEM or CAPTEM as any line treatment. Primary endpoint was progression free survival (PFS), secondary endpoints included overall response rate (ORR) and overall survival (OS).
resultsIn this study we included 31 patients with advanced AC. Median Ki-67 was 14.4% (3-30). CAPTEM in 17 patients (54.8%), while TEM was administered in 14 patients (45.2%). Overall, ORR was 39% (N = 12/31, all partial responses), while median PFS and OS were 57.4 months (95%CI: 43.2-71.7) and 24.4 months (95% confidence interval [95%CI]: 14.7-34.1). Median PFS was 33.9 months (15.6-52.1) in the CAPTEM group, while it was 15.5 (7.3-23.8) in the TEM group (p = 0.047). When adjusting for potential confounding factors, treatment with TEM vs CAPTEM retained its independent association with an increased risk of progression (HR: 4.01 [95%CI: 1.18-13.68]; p = 0.027).
conclusionsTreatment with CAPTEM is associated with longer PFS than TEM alone in patients with AC. Prospective studies with larger sample size are needed to validate this finding.
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