ArticleToxics2025
Association Between Urinary Metal Levels and Chronic Kidney Dysfunction in Rural China: A Study on Sex-Specific Differences.
Article in Toxics, 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 1 paper.
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
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Who cites it
1 citing paper in PubMed.
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12 authors.
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Abstract
backgroundWhile current epidemiological studies have documented associations between environmental metals and renal dysfunction, the majority have concentrated on plasma metal levels. The relationship between urinary metal exposure and chronic kidney disease (CKD) remains contentious, particularly within specific demographic groups.
methodsThis cross-sectional study included 2919 rural Chinese adults recruited between 2018 and 2019. Urine metals were measured by ICP-MS. Least absolute shrinkage and selection operator (LASSO) regression was employed to identify metals significantly associated with CKD. Then, we used binary logistic regression, along with restricted cubic spline (RCS) models, to assess the individual exposure effects of specific metals on CKD. Quantile g-computation, weighted quantile sum regression, and Bayesian kernel machine regression (BKMR) models were applied to evaluate combined effects of metal exposures on CKD. Gender-stratified analyses were also conducted to explore these associations.
resultsLASSO identified seven metals (V, Cu, Rb, Sr, Ba, W, Pb) with significant impacts on CKD. In single-metal models, Cu and W exhibited a positive correlation with CKD, whereas V, Rb, Sr, Ba, and Pb showed significant negative correlations (all
conclusionsOur study findings demonstrate a negative association between the urinary metal mixture and CKD risk, particularly notable in females. Joint exposure to multiple urinary metals may involve synergistic or antagonistic interactions influencing renal function. Further research is needed to validate these observations and elucidate underlying mechanisms.
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