Evidence map›Paper›PMID 39852830›Full record

ArticleVaccines2025

Peptide Antigen Modifications Influence the On-Target and Off-Target Antibody Response for an Influenza Subunit Vaccine.

Megan C Schulte, Adam C Boll, Agustin T Barcellona, Elida A Lopez, Adam G Schrum, Bret D Ulery

Abstract read
PubMed Full text at PMC Publisher
In one paragraph

Article in Vaccines, 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 1 paper.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
1citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

1 citing paper in PubMed.

  1. Article
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

6 authors.

Megan C SchulteDepartment of Chemical and Biomedical Engineering, University of Missouri, Columbia, MO 65211, USA.
Adam C BollDepartment of Chemical and Biomedical Engineering, University of Missouri, Columbia, MO 65211, USA.
Agustin T BarcellonaDepartment of Chemical and Biomedical Engineering, University of Missouri, Columbia, MO 65211, USA.
Elida A LopezDepartment of Molecular Microbiology and Immunology, University of Missouri, Columbia, MO 65211, USA.
Adam G SchrumDepartment of Chemical and Biomedical Engineering, University of Missouri, Columbia, MO 65211, USA.
Bret D UleryDepartment of Chemical and Biomedical Engineering, University of Missouri, Columbia, MO 65211, USA.ORCID 0000-0003-0854-1859

Funding

University of Missouri Center for Vector-Borne and Emerging Infectious Diseases (CVBEID) N/AUniversity of Missouri System N/A
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

BACKGROUND/

objectivesPeptide amphiphile micelles (PAMs) are an exciting nanotechnology currently being studied for a variety of biomedical applications, especially for drug delivery. Specifically, PAMs can enhance in vivo trafficking, cell-targeting, and cell interactions/internalization. However, modifying peptides, as is commonly performed to induce micellization, can influence their bioactivity. In our previous work, murine antibody responses to PAMs containing the influenza antigen M2

methodsPAMs were synthesized using an elongated M2 antigen (i.e., Palm

resultsAlthough the modification scheme yielded immunogenic PAMs, these PAMs induced a substantial amount of off-target antibody production compared to unmodified peptidyl micelles (PMs, M2

conclusionsWhile the impact PAM-induced off-target antibodies had on vaccine efficacy remains to be elucidated, on-target antibodies from both PAM- and PM-vaccinated mice were excitingly able to recognize the M2 antigen within the context of the full M2 protein. This provides preliminary evidence that the PAM-induced on-target antibodies will at minimum be able to recognize the influenza virus upon exposure.

Indexed as

influenzaM2micelleoff-target antibodiespeptide amphiphilevaccine

Identifiers

PMID39852830
PMCPMC11768957

What OpenQuestion holds

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Registered trials

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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.