SynthesisCurrent oncology (Toronto, Ont.)2025
Treatment Options for Advanced Non-Small Cell Lung Cancer After Failure of Previous Immune Checkpoint Inhibitors and Chemotherapy: Meta-Analysis of Five Randomized Controlled Trials.
Synthesis in Current oncology (Toronto, Ont.), 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 2 papers.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
2 citing papers in PubMed.
- Metastatic organ distribution characteristics and prognosis in patients with non-small cell lung cancer.Frontiers in medicine · 2026Article
- Unexpected Long-Term Survival and Downstaging in Oligometastatic Non-Small Cell Lung Cancer Treated with Multimodal Therapy.Journal of clinical medicine · 2025Article
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
6 authors.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
backgroundImmune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs), either alone or in combination with platinum-based chemotherapy, are effective in the first-line treatment of metastatic, non-oncogene-addicted, non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC). However, when NSCLC patients progress, the efficacy of available treatment options is limited.
methodsWe undertook a meta-analysis that compared combination regimens with the current standard of care. Only randomized controlled trials (RCTs) were included (endpoint, overall survival [OS]). Our analysis used an artificial intelligence software program that reconstructs individual patient data from Kaplan-Meier curves. Hazard ratio (HR) with 95% confidence interval (CI) was the main parameter. Heterogeneity was based on Wald's test and likelihood ratio test.
resultsFive RCTs were included, whose experimental arms included five different combinations. In our analysis, these combination regimes showed no OS benefit compared to chemotherapy (HR = 1.066, 95%CI, 0.9311 to 1.221; DISCUSSION: In conclusion, five new second-line combination treatments for patients with NSCLC were not found to determine any benefit in terms of OS in comparison with the current standard of care.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.