ArticleBehavioral sciences (Basel, Switzerland)2025
The Mediating Roles of Resilience and Flow in Linking Basic Psychological Needs to Tertiary EFL Learners' Engagement in the Informal Digital Learning of English: A Mixed-Methods Study.
Article in Behavioral sciences (Basel, Switzerland), 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 15 papers.
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15 citing papers in PubMed.
- L2 Selves, Control-Value Appraisals, and Engagement in AI-Supported Informal Digital Learning of English: An SEM and fsQCA Approach.Journal of Intelligence · 2026Article
- Associations between external learning contexts and college students' learning resilience through academic self-efficacy and perceived campus belonging.Scientific reports · 2026Article
- Digital Natives' Intentions Toward Informal Digital English Learning: The Roles of Desire, Engagement, and Online Learning Self-Efficacy.Journal of Intelligence · 2026Article
- Affective pathways in human-AI interaction: the formation of willingness to communicate among Chinese KFL learners in AI-mediated informal digital learning of Korean.Frontiers in psychology · 2026Article
- Perceived AI interactivity and motivated learning behaviors in AI-Supported EFL learning in higher education: the mediating roles of flow and self-efficacy.Frontiers in psychology · 2026Article
- The effects of AI-collaborative translation workshop on translation competence and learner engagement: an empirical study in a Chinese university translation course.Frontiers in psychology · 2026Article
- The interplay of autonomous learning behavior, academic buoyancy and second language demotivation in the GenAI-assisted informal digital learning of English.Frontiers in psychology · 2026Article
- Linking growth mindset to engagement via ideal L2 self and enjoyment in AI-mediated EFL writing: a mixed-methods study.Frontiers in psychology · 2026Article
- Only low-arousal emotions matter: grade-dependent mediation of academic emotions between psychological resilience and learning burnout in middle school.Frontiers in psychology · 2026Article
- Balancing demands and resources toward better flourishing and life satisfaction: a two-wave path analysis of school burnout and teens' resilience.Frontiers in psychology · 2026Article
- Article
- The effect of EFL learners' identity on English speaking proficiency and autonomous learning skills among university students: the mediating role of speaking anxiety.Frontiers in psychology · 2026Article
- The Impact of Flow on University EFL Learners' Psychological Capital: Insights from Positive Psychology.Behavioral sciences (Basel, Switzerland) · 2025Article
- The Impact of Informal Digital Learning of English (IDLE) on EFL Learners' Engagement: Mediating Roles of Flow, Online Self-Efficacy, and Behavioral Intention.Behavioral sciences (Basel, Switzerland) · 2025Article
- Research on Psychological Resilience, Digital Competence, and Self-Efficacy in Online TCFL Teachers.Behavioral sciences (Basel, Switzerland) · 2025Article
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Abstract
Resilience and flow are crucial in language education, yet most research focuses on formal learning environments, with limited studies on their impact in informal settings. This study explores the relationship between basic psychological needs and engagement in the context of informal digital English learning (IDLE). Using a mixed-methods design, data were collected from 512 Chinese EFL learners. Structural equation modeling and NVivo analysis were applied to quantitative and qualitative data, respectively. The findings reveal that resilience fully mediates the relationship between basic psychological needs and engagement, serving as an adaptability enhancer, persistence promoter, stress buffer, self-efficacy builder, and emotional regulation facilitator. Conversely, flow partially mediates this relationship, though perceived competence does not significantly predict flow in this context. Building on this, flow contributes as an intrinsic motivation driver, positive cycle creator, external pressure mitigator, and efficiency enhancer. This research underscores the important role of resilience and flow in IDLE among Chinese university EFL students. By highlighting these mediating roles, the study provides valuable insights for enhancing the effectiveness of IDLE experiences, contributing to the broader discourse on language education in the digital age.
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