ArticleBrain sciences2025
The Neurodevelopmental Dynamics of Multilingual Experience During Childhood: A Longitudinal Behavioral, Structural, and Functional MRI Study.
Article in Brain sciences, 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 1 paper.
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Who cites it
1 citing paper in PubMed.
- Dynamic brain reorganization and the role of motivation during the first year of foreign language learning: A longitudinal study.Psychonomic bulletin & review · 2026Article
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Authors and funding
10 authors.
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No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
BACKGROUND/
objectivesA neurobiological framework of bi- or multilingual neurocognitive development must consider the following: (i) longitudinal behavioral and neural measures; (ii) brain developmental constraints across structure and function; and (iii) the development of global multilingual competence in a homogeneous social environment. In this study, we investigated whether multilingual competence yields early changes in executive attention control mechanisms and their underlying neural structures in the frontal-striatal system, such as the dorsal anterior cingulate cortex/pre-supplemental area and the left caudate.
methodsWe employed longitudinal neuroimaging and functional connectivity methods in a small group of multilingual children over two years.
resultsWe found that the dACC/preSMA is functionally influenced by changes in multilingual competence but not yet structurally adapted, while the left caudate, in a developmental stage, is influenced, adapts, and specializes due to multilingual experience. Furthermore, increases in multilingual competence strengthen connections between the dACC/preSMA, left caudate, and other structures of the cognitive control network, such as the right inferior frontal gyrus and bilateral inferior parietal lobules.
conclusionsThese findings suggest that multilingual competence impacts brain "adaptation" and "specialization" during childhood. The results may provide insights and guide future research on experience-expectant and experience-dependent brain plasticity to explain the "interaction" between multilingualism and neurodevelopment.
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