Evidence map›Paper›PMID 39848849›Full record

ArticleJournal of voice : official journal of the Voice Foundation2025

Effects of Increasing Vocal Tract Insertion Depth in Semi-Occluded Vocal Tract Exercises on an Excised Canine Model.

Jakob R Holm, Sylvia Green, Tomas K Gilvydis, Owen P Wischhoff, Grayson J Bienhold, Adriana M Nickels, Jack J Jiang

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In one paragraph

Article in Journal of voice : official journal of the Voice Foundation, 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 1 paper.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
1citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

1 citing paper in PubMed.

  1. Article
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

7 authors.

Jakob R HolmDepartment of Surgery, Division of Otolaryngology, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI.
Sylvia GreenDepartment of Surgery, Division of Otolaryngology, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI.
Tomas K GilvydisDepartment of Surgery, Division of Otolaryngology, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI.
Owen P WischhoffDepartment of Surgery, Division of Otolaryngology, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI.
Grayson J BienholdDepartment of Surgery, Division of Otolaryngology, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI.
Adriana M NickelsDepartment of Surgery, Division of Otolaryngology, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI.
Jack J JiangDepartment of Surgery, Division of Otolaryngology, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI. Electronic address: jjjiang@wisc.edu.

Funding

Optimization And Therapeutic Translation of Semi-Occluded Vocal Tract Techniques.R01DC015906 · NIDCD · UNIVERSITY OF WISCONSIN-MADISON · PI JIANG, JACK J · 2018 to 2022
$1.6M
NIDCD NIH HHS R01 DC015906
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

introductionStraw phonation therapy, a form of semi-occluded vocal tract (SOVT) exercise, is commonly used to help treat various voice disorders. Although straw phonation therapy has been studied extensively for decades, the impact of straw depth on vocal function remains unexplored. This study aims to quantify the effects of various straw vocal tract insertion depths (VTID) into the vocal tract on common aerodynamic parameters such as phonation threshold pressure (PTP), phonation threshold flow (PTF), and phonation threshold power (PTW) in an ex vivo canine model. It was hypothesized that increasing the VTID of the straw would reduce the PTP, PTF, and PTW.

methodsFive excised canine larynges were mounted on a pseudolung apparatus and attached to a simulated vocal tract in an acoustic sound booth. Two straw depths (20.0 and 60.0 mm) were tested to determine the effect of VTID on ease of phonation as indicated by the aerodynamic parameters of PTP, PTF, and PTW. The control had no straw and a VTID of 0.0 mm. The straw diameter and length above the simulated vocal tract were consistent between the straws. Sustained phonation was achieved, and aerodynamic data was collected and analyzed.

resultsBoth straw treatment groups exhibited significant reductions in PTP and PTW compared to the control. However, there were no significant differences between the 20.0 or 60.0 mm straw depths in PTP, PTF, or PTW.

conclusionThe presence of a straw significantly reduced PTP and PTW, but VTID did not appear to influence these outcomes. This supports previous straw phonation therapy research suggesting that straw phonation therapy is beneficial primarily due to the presence of the straw rather than the depth of insertion. Future studies should explore the combined effects of varying straw diameters, lengths, and depths to optimize SOVT therapy for clinical use.

Indexed as

Straw phonation—Semi-occluded vocal tract—Phonation threshold pressure—Phonation threshold flow—Phonation threshold power—Vocal tract insertion depth—Excised larynges

Identifiers

PMID39848849
PMCPMC12280085

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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.