Evidence map›Paper›PMID 39847255›Full record

ArticleMaternal and child health journal2025

Out of Pocket Expenditure on Institutional Deliveries in India.

R Lusome, Ambady Sivan, M Arun Kumar

Abstract read
PubMed Publisher
In one paragraph

Article in Maternal and child health journal, 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 1 paper.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
1citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

1 citing paper in PubMed.

  1. Article
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

3 authors.

R LusomeDepartment of Economics, Pondicherry University, Puducherry, India. lusome.raman@gmail.com.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0003-1236-8593
Ambady SivanDepartment of Economics, Pondicherry University, Puducherry, India.
M Arun KumarDepartment of Economics, Pondicherry University, Puducherry, India.

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

backgroundOut-of-pocket expenditure (OOPE) and catastrophic health expenditure (CHE) on institutional deliveries in India impose significant financial burdens, disproportionately affecting socio-economically vulnerable populations and regions despite various policy interventions. PURPOSE: This study evaluates the extent of OOPE and CHE associated with institutional deliveries across Indian states and analyse regional variations using data from National Family Health Survey -5 (2019-21).

resultsThe findings reveal substantial inter-state and regional disparities in mean OOPE and CHE incidence, with socioeconomic and healthcare system factors significantly influencing these outcomes.

conclusionEffective interventions to reduce OOPE and CHS on deliveries can significantly improve maternal and child health outcomes thereby achieving healthcare equity in the country.

Indexed as

Delivery, ObstetricHealth ExpendituresAdultFemaleHumansIndiaMaternal Health ServicesPregnancySocioeconomic FactorsCatastrophic health spendingHealth economicsHealth financingHealth paymentsInstitutional deliveryOut-of-pocket expenditure

Identifiers

PMID39847255

What OpenQuestion holds

Textmetadata
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.