ArticleJournal of xenobiotics2025
The Issue of "Smart Drugs" on the Example of Modafinil: Toxicological Analysis of Evidences and Biological Samples.
Article in Journal of xenobiotics, 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 2 papers.
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
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Who cites it
2 citing papers in PubMed.
- 4-Bromomethcathinone (4-BMC) Revisited: The First Reported Fatal Case and Toxicological Insights.Metabolites · 2026Article
- A Fatal Case Involving Chronic Intravenous Use of Homemade Methcathinone Derived from Pseudoephedrine Tablets: Post-Mortem Concentrations, Health Risk, and Medicolegal Aspect.International journal of molecular sciences · 2025Article
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Authors and funding
4 authors.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Cognitive enhancement through stimulants such as modafinil is becoming increasingly popular, with many individuals using prescription stimulants for non-medical purposes to improve alertness, attention, and mood. The misuse of such substances has raised concerns, particularly in forensic toxicology. The UHPLC-QqQ-MS/MS method was developed to quantify modafinil in evidentiary samples and biological materials. Additionally, the authors noted the presence of sodium adducts during the analysis of samples with high concentrations of modafinil. The method was validated for accuracy, precision, and linearity, with a concentration range of 0.1-10.0 µg/mL for the evidences and 1.0-100.0 ng/mL for blood. The method successfully detected modafinil as the sole substance in all evidences, with concentrations ranging from 90.7 to 120.8 mg, corresponding to 45.5% to 80.5% of the labeled dose. The method was applied to real post-mortem human cases, where, among others, the concentration of modafinil in blood was 110 ng/mL, whereas, in another case, the concentration of modafinil in the putrefaction fluid exceeded 1000 ng/mL. The developed UHPLC-QqQ-MS/MS method is effective for the quantification of modafinil in evidentiary samples and biological materials, offering a reliable tool for forensic toxicology applications. This method can be used to evaluate modafinil use in both legal and illicit contexts, including cases of overdose or misuse.
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