ArticleOrthopaedic journal of sports medicine2025
Frequency of Tommy John Surgery in NCAA Division I College Pitchers Versus Weather Conditions.
Article in Orthopaedic journal of sports medicine, 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 1 paper.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
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Who cites it
1 citing paper in PubMed.
- Incidence of Ulnar Collateral Ligament Surgery and Revision in Baseball Players: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis.Sports (Basel, Switzerland) · 2025Review
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
3 authors.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Background: Ulnar collateral ligament reconstruction (UCLR) is a common elbow procedure in baseball pitchers. Previous studies of Major League Baseball pitchers identified the weather as a potential risk factor, as warmer climates enable more annual playing time and increase overuse injury risks. Purpose: To determine whether weather conditions play a role in UCLR rates and timing for National Collegiate Athletic Association (NCAA) Division I (D1) collegiate pitchers in the United States. Study Design: Cross-sectional study; Level of evidence, 3. Methods: A total of 320 NCAA D1 college baseball pitchers who underwent UCLR surgery between July 1, 2015, and June 30, 2022, were analyzed. Pitcher college climates were categorized as warm or cold based on their location relative to the 33rd parallel line in North America. A 2-sample independent Results: Among 320 total UCLRs, warm-state pitchers had a higher mean UCLR rate compared with cold-state pitchers ( Conclusion: NCAA D1 college baseball pitchers who play in warm climates undergo UCLR surgery significantly more often and significantly earlier in their collegiate careers than pitchers playing in cold climates.
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