Evidence map›Paper›PMID 39844697›Full record

ArticleEmergency medicine Australasia : EMA2025

The determinants for death in hospital following moderate to severe traumatic brain injury in Australia.

Gerard M O'Reilly, Afsana Afroz, Kate Curtis, Biswadev Mitra, Yesul Kim, Emma Solly, Courtney Ryder, Kate Hunter, Delia V Hendrie, Nick Rushworth and 2 more

Abstract read
PubMed Full text at PMC Publisher
In one paragraph

Article in Emergency medicine Australasia : EMA, 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 1 paper.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
1citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

1 citing paper in PubMed.

  1. Article
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

12 authors.

Gerard M O'ReillyNational Trauma Research Institute, Alfred Health, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia.ORCID 0000-0001-5763-917X
Afsana AfrozNational Trauma Research Institute, Alfred Health, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia.
Kate CurtisSusan Wakil School of Nursing and Midwifery, Faculty of Medicine and Health, University of Sydney, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia.ORCID 0000-0002-3746-0348
Biswadev MitraEmergency and Trauma Centre, Alfred Health, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia.ORCID 0000-0002-0508-2450
Yesul KimNational Trauma Research Institute, Alfred Health, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia.
Emma SollyNational Trauma Research Institute, Alfred Health, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia.
Courtney RyderThe George Institute for Global Health, UNSW, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia.
Kate HunterThe George Institute for Global Health, UNSW, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia.
Delia V HendrieSchool of Population Health, Curtin University, Perth, Western Australia, Australia.
Nick RushworthBrain Injury Australia, Putney, New South Wales, Australia.
Jin TeeNational Trauma Research Institute, Alfred Health, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia.
Mark C FitzgeraldNational Trauma Research Institute, Alfred Health, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia.ORCID 0000-0003-0183-7761

Funding

National Health and Medical Research Council MRF2007671
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

objectivesTo establish the determinants of death in hospital for patients with moderate to severe traumatic brain injury (TBI) in Australia. DESIGN, SETTING,

participantsRetrospective analysis of Australia New Zealand Trauma Registry (ANZTR) data. Cases were included if they presented to a participating hospital between 1 July 2015 and 30 June 2020 and had an Abbreviated Injury Severity (AIS) score - head greater than 2.

main outcome measuresDeath in hospital.

resultsThere were 16 350 patients. Their mean age was 51 years and 71% were male. After adjusting for measures of injury severity, there was an increased odds of in-hospital death for patients whose injury occurred outside daylight hours or first mode of transport was road ambulance, who were not transferred from another hospital, had an endotracheal tube placed prior to definitive hospital arrival or received their definitive hospital care outside Victoria.

conclusionAmong people presenting to a major trauma hospital in Australia following moderate to severe TBI, there were multiple factors independently associated with death in hospital. The potentially modifiable determinants of in-hospital death included out-of-hours access to emergency care, mode of transfer from the scene of the injury, prior facility care and pre-definitive hospital endotracheal intubation.

Indexed as

Brain Injuries, TraumaticHospital MortalityAbbreviated Injury ScaleAdultAgedAustraliaFemaleHumansInjury Severity ScoreMaleMiddle AgedNew ZealandRegistriesRetrospective Studiesinjuryregistriestraumatraumatic brain injury

Identifiers

PMID39844697
PMCPMC11755221

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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.