Evidence map›Paper›PMID 39844288›Full record

ArticleMalaria journal2025

Evaluating the potential of Kalanchoe pinnata, Piper amalago amalago, and other botanicals as economical insecticidal synergists against Anopheles gambiae.

Sheena Francis, William Irvine, Lucy Mackenzie-Impoinvil, Lucrecia Vizcaino, Rodolphe Poupardin, Audrey Lenhart, Mark J I Paine, Rupika Delgoda

Abstract read
PubMed Full text at PMC Publisher
In one paragraph

Article in Malaria journal, 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 1 paper.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
1citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

1 citing paper in PubMed.

  1. Article
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

8 authors.

Sheena FrancisCaribbean Centre for Research in Biosciences, Natural Products Institute, University of the West Indies, Kingston, Jamaica. Sheena.francis02@uwimona.edu.jm.
William IrvineCaribbean Centre for Research in Biosciences, Natural Products Institute, University of the West Indies, Kingston, Jamaica.
Lucy Mackenzie-ImpoinvilEntomology Branch, Division of Parasitic Diseases and Malaria, National Center for Emerging and Zoonotic Infectious Diseases, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, 1600 Clifton Rd, Atlanta, GA, 30329, USA.
Lucrecia VizcainoEntomology Branch, Division of Parasitic Diseases and Malaria, National Center for Emerging and Zoonotic Infectious Diseases, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, 1600 Clifton Rd, Atlanta, GA, 30329, USA.
Rodolphe PoupardinCell Therapy Institute, Paracelsus Medical University, Salzburg, Austria.
Audrey LenhartEntomology Branch, Division of Parasitic Diseases and Malaria, National Center for Emerging and Zoonotic Infectious Diseases, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, 1600 Clifton Rd, Atlanta, GA, 30329, USA.
Mark J I PaineVector Group, Liverpool School of Tropical Medicine, Liverpool, UK.
Rupika DelgodaCaribbean Centre for Research in Biosciences, Natural Products Institute, University of the West Indies, Kingston, Jamaica.

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

backgroundSynergists reduce insecticide metabolism in mosquitoes by competing with insecticides for the active sites of metabolic enzymes, such as cytochrome P450s (CYPs). This increases the availability of the insecticide at its specific target site. The combination of both insecticides and synergists increases the toxicity of the mixture. Given the demonstrated resistance to the classical insecticides in numerous Anopheles spp., the use of synergists is becoming increasingly pertinent. Tropical plants synthesize diverse phytochemicals, presenting a repository of potential synergists.

methodsExtracts prepared from medicinal plants found in Jamaica were screened against recombinant Anopheles gambiae CYP6M2 and CYP6P3, and Anopheles funestus CYP6P9a, CYPs associated with anopheline resistance to pyrethroids and several other insecticide classes. The toxicity of these extracts alone or as synergists, was evaluated using bottle bioassays with the insecticide permethrin. RNA sequencing and in silico modelling were used to determine the mode of action of the extracts.

resultsAqueous extracts of Piper amalago var. amalago inhibited CYP6P9a, CYP6M2, and CYP6P3 with IC

conclusionThis study demonstrates that extracts from P. amalago var. amalago and K. pinnata, with inhibitory properties, IC

Indexed as

AnophelesInsecticidesPesticide SynergistsPiperPlant ExtractsAnimalsJamaicaInsecticidesPesticide SynergistsPlant ExtractsCYPInsecticideJamaican plantsKalanchoe (Bryophyllum) pinnataMosquitoesPiper amalago var. amalagoRNA-seqSynergist

Identifiers

PMID39844288
PMCPMC11756067

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LicenceCC BY-NC-ND
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Registered trials

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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.