Evidence map›Paper›PMID 39843767›Full record

ArticleAAPS PharmSciTech2025

Human Plasma-Derived Exosomes: A Promising Carrier System for the Delivery of Hydroxyurea to Combat Breast Cancer.

Wajeeha Khalid, Afeefa Aslam, Nadeem Ahmed, Muhammad Sarfraz, Jawad Akbar Khan, Sabeeh Mohsin, Muhammad Shahid Riaz Rajoka, Imran Nazir, Muhammad Imran Amirzada

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Article in AAPS PharmSciTech, 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 2 papers.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
2citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

2 citing papers in PubMed.

  1. Review
  2. Review
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

9 authors.

Wajeeha KhalidDepartment of Pharmacy, COMSATS University Islamabad, Abbottabad Campus, Abbottabad, 22060, Pakistan.
Afeefa AslamDepartment of Pharmacy, COMSATS University Islamabad, Abbottabad Campus, Abbottabad, 22060, Pakistan.
Nadeem AhmedCentre of Excellence in Molecular Biology, University of the Punjab, Lahore, 54000, Pakistan.
Muhammad SarfrazCollege of Pharmacy, Al Ain University, 64141, Al Ain, United Arab Emirates.
Jawad Akbar KhanMukabir College of Pharmacy, Gujrat, 50700, Pakistan.
Sabeeh MohsinDepartment of Pharmacy, COMSATS University Islamabad, Abbottabad Campus, Abbottabad, 22060, Pakistan.
Muhammad Shahid Riaz RajokaSchool of Medicine, University of Alabama, Birmingham, USA.
Imran NazirDepartment of Pharmacy, COMSATS University Islamabad, Lahore Campus, Lahore, 54000, Pakistan. imrannazir@cuilahore.edu.pk.
Muhammad Imran AmirzadaDepartment of Pharmacy, COMSATS University Islamabad, Abbottabad Campus, Abbottabad, 22060, Pakistan. Imranamirzada@cuiatd.edu.pk.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0001-6034-1841

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

The aim of the present study was to investigate the potential of human plasma derived exosomes for the delivery of hydroxyurea to enhance its therapeutic efficacy in breast cancer. Plasma derived exosomes were isolated using differential centrifugation along with ultrafiltration method. Hydroxyurea was encapsulated in exosomes using a freeze-thaw method. The exosomes and Exo-HU were characterized for their size distribution, drug entrapment efficiency, in-vitro drug release profile, morphological analysis and cytotoxic effects on MCF-7 cell line. The results showed a mean size of 178.8 nm and a zeta potential of -18.3 mV, indicating good stability and 70% encapsulation effectiveness for HU. Exo-HU produced sustained drug release action with a considerable percentage released within 72 h. The morphological analysis indicated that the plasma derived exosomes were spherical, and cup shaped. In cytotoxicity studies on MCF-7 cells, Exo-HU has reduced cell viability compared to HU and blank exosomes. Findings of this study showed that human plasma-derived exosomes have been considered as effective delivery vehicle for hydroxyurea, potentially improving breast cancer treatment outcomes.

Indexed as

Antineoplastic AgentsBreast NeoplasmsDrug CarriersExosomesHydroxyureaCell Line, TumorCell SurvivalDelayed-Action PreparationsDrug Delivery SystemsDrug LiberationFemaleHumansMCF-7 CellsParticle SizePlasmaAntineoplastic AgentsDelayed-Action PreparationsDrug CarriersHydroxyureabreast cancerdifferential centrifugationhuman plasma derived exosomeshydroxyureaMCF-7

Identifiers

PMID39843767

What OpenQuestion holds

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Registered trials

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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.