Evidence map›Paper›PMID 39843733›Full record

ArticleGeroScience2025

Depressive intensity, duration, and their associations with cognitive decline: a population-based study in Korea.

Kai Lu, Wei Wang, Junyu Wang, Qianqian Du, Chen Li, Yuxin Wei, Menghan Yao, Tao Zhang, Fei Yin, Yue Ma

Abstract read
PubMed Full text at PMC Publisher
In one paragraph

Article in GeroScience, 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 7 papers.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
7citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

7 citing papers in PubMed.

  1. Article
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  5. Review
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4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

10 authors.

Kai Lu *West China School of Public Health and West China Fourth Hospital, Sichuan University, Sichuan, No. 17, Section 3, Renmin South Road, Chengdu, 610036, China.
Wei Wang *West China School of Public Health and West China Fourth Hospital, Sichuan University, Sichuan, No. 17, Section 3, Renmin South Road, Chengdu, 610036, China.
Junyu WangWest China School of Public Health and West China Fourth Hospital, Sichuan University, Sichuan, No. 17, Section 3, Renmin South Road, Chengdu, 610036, China.
Qianqian DuWest China School of Public Health and West China Fourth Hospital, Sichuan University, Sichuan, No. 17, Section 3, Renmin South Road, Chengdu, 610036, China.
Chen LiWest China School of Public Health and West China Fourth Hospital, Sichuan University, Sichuan, No. 17, Section 3, Renmin South Road, Chengdu, 610036, China.
Yuxin WeiWest China School of Public Health and West China Fourth Hospital, Sichuan University, Sichuan, No. 17, Section 3, Renmin South Road, Chengdu, 610036, China.
Menghan YaoWest China School of Public Health and West China Fourth Hospital, Sichuan University, Sichuan, No. 17, Section 3, Renmin South Road, Chengdu, 610036, China.
Tao ZhangWest China School of Public Health and West China Fourth Hospital, Sichuan University, Sichuan, No. 17, Section 3, Renmin South Road, Chengdu, 610036, China.
Fei YinWest China School of Public Health and West China Fourth Hospital, Sichuan University, Sichuan, No. 17, Section 3, Renmin South Road, Chengdu, 610036, China.
Yue MaWest China School of Public Health and West China Fourth Hospital, Sichuan University, Sichuan, No. 17, Section 3, Renmin South Road, Chengdu, 610036, China. Gordonrozen@scu.edu.cn.ORCID 0000-0002-1980-7520

Funding

CChengdu Science & Technology Program No. 2024-YF05-00644-SNNational Natural Science Foundation of China No. 81803332National Natural Science Foundation of China No. 81872713National Natural Science Foundation of China No. 82373689Sichuan Science and Technology Program No. 2021YFS0181
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

Existing epidemiological studies have ignored the effect of depressive duration on cognitive decline despite the presence of biological cues and understudied the depression-cognition association in Asian countries in the context of increasing cognitive burden worldwide. We aimed to comprehensively characterize the effects of depressive duration and intensity on cognitive decline at the population level. A total of 6406 individuals from the Korean Longitudinal Study of Aging (KLoSA) from 2010 to 2018 were included to generate four datasets with durations of 2, 4, 6, and 8 years. Depressive intensity was categorized as no, mild, and major depression according to the Center for Epidemiological Studies Depression scale (CES-D10), and duration was measured by the span of consecutive interviews. Cognitive function was assessed using the Korean Mini-Mental Status Examination (K-MMSE). Multiple linear regressions and meta-regressions were used to estimate the effects of depressive intensity and duration on global cognition and seven cognitive subdomains. Stratified analyses were performed to explore effect differences between subpopulations of different sexes and ages. The potential bias in the effect of depressive intensity on cognitive decline when ignoring duration was also explored. On average, a 1-year longer duration decreased the global cognitive scores by 0.44 (95% CI 0.36, 0.51) across intensities and major depression decreased the scores by an additional 0.82 (95% CI 0.59, 1.04) points than mild depression across durations. Similar trends held for seven cognitive subdomains except for visual construction. Older adults suffered more cognitive decline from major depression than middle-aged adults did. More severe and longer-duration depression lead to greater cognitive decline. Ignoring depressive duration can lead to an overestimated effect of depressive intensity on cognitive decline. The depressive effects and susceptible populations clarified in our study have important implications for the preservation of cognitive health in Asian region.

Indexed as

Cognitive DysfunctionDepressionAgedAged, 80 and overFemaleHumansLongitudinal StudiesMaleMental Status and Dementia TestsMiddle AgedRepublic of KoreaTime FactorsAgeingCognitive declineDepressive durationDepressive intensity

Identifiers

PMID39843733
PMCPMC12181449

What OpenQuestion holds

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Registered trials

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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.