ArticleScientific reports2025
Relationship between androgen receptor and androgen receptor-related protein expression in breast cancers focusing on morphologically identified carcinoma with apocrine differentiation.
Article in Scientific reports, 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 6 papers.
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Who cites it
6 citing papers in PubMed.
- TFAP2B and FOXC1 are associated with biologically and clinically distinct differentiation states in triple-negative breast cancer.Scientific reports · 2026Article
- Clinicopathological characteristics and prognosis of breast carcinoma with apocrine differentiation: a propensity score-matched analysis of the SEER database.Translational cancer research · 2026Article
- The clinical relevance of apocrine morphology in breast cancer depends on the estrogen receptor status.NPJ breast cancer · 2026Article
- MUCL1 in triple-negative breast cancer: a novel marker associated with the luminal androgen receptor subtype.Breast cancer research : BCR · 2026Article
- Article
- Clinicopathological features and prognostic factors of apocrine carcinoma of the breast in a cohort of 63 patients.Discover oncology · 2025Article
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5 authors.
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Abstract
Breast cancer (BC) is classified based on the expression of histopathological markers, namely, estrogen receptor (ER), progesterone receptor (PgR), and human epidermal growth factor receptor 2 (HER2). Carcinomas with apocrine differentiation (CAD) are classified based on morphology. Androgen receptor (AR) is highly expressed in CAD; however, no study has comprehensively examined AR-related proteins in CAD. Therefore, we examined the expression of AR-related proteins and AR, compared protein expression patterns between morphologically identified CAD and other BC subtypes, and investigated CAD characteristics. We performed immunohistochemistry for AR and various AR-related proteins in 66 invasive ductal carcinoma (32 ER+/PgR+/HER2-, 8 ER+/PgR+/HER2+, 12 ER-/PgR-/HER2+, and 14 ER-/PgR-/HER2- [triple-negative breast cancer)), 21 invasive lobular carcinoma, and 27 CAD cases. In the CAD group, all cases were AR-positive; some AR-related proteins were highly expressed. Nuclear phosphorylated-mammalian target of rapamycin was highly expressed in CAD cases compared with that in other BC groups, with a 33.3% sensitivity and 97.7% specificity. AR-expressing CAD cases exhibited high expression of other AR-related proteins. Specifically, the combination of AR+, GCDFP15+, and ER - or AR+, FOXA1+, and ER - may be useful for the diagnosis and treatment of AR-positive BC and CAD. These results may assist in androgen-related molecular targeted therapy research.
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