Articlenpj antimicrobials and resistance2024
Antibiotic ecotoxicity and resistance risks in resource-constrained chicken and pig farming environments.
Article in npj antimicrobials and resistance, 2024. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 4 papers.
What it found
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The trial behind it
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Who cites it
4 citing papers in PubMed.
- The interlinked crisis: pharmaceutical pollution as a driver of antimicrobial resistance in East Africa: an urgent call for ecopharmacovigilance and one health approach.One health outlook · 2026Review
- Antimicrobial Use and Manure Management Practices Among Commercial Chicken Farmers in Selected Regions of Tanzania: Gaps and Strategies for Mitigating Antimicrobial Resistance.International journal of environmental research and public health · 2026Article
- Veterinary antimicrobial use legislation: A comparative policy analysis of Kenya and Denmark.One health (Amsterdam, Netherlands) · 2025Article
- Multidrug antibiotic resistance index and antimicrobial resistance patterns of Escherichia coli in intensive pig farms in Kenya.One health outlook · 2025Article
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
6 authors.
Funding
Abstract
Antimicrobial resistance (AMR) data from agroecosystems in low- and middle-income countries is limited. We surveyed chicken (n = 52) and pig (n = 47) farms in Kenya to understand AMR in animal-environment pathways. Using LC-MS/MS, we validated the methods for analyzing eight common antibiotics and quantified the associated risks. Chicken compost (25.8%, n = 97/376) had the highest antibiotics prevalence, followed by pig manure-fertilized soils (23.1%, n = 83/360). The average antibiotic concentration was 63.4 µg/kg, which is below the environmentally relevant threshold (100 µg/kg), except for trimethoprim (221.4 µg/kg) among antibiotics and pig manure-fertilized soils (129.3 µg/kg) across sample types. Similarly, the average AMR risk quotient (RQ) was low (RQ < 0.1), except for trimethoprim and sulfamethoxazole (RQ ≥ 1). Ecotoxicity and AMR risks increased with flock size and the number of antibiotics used by pigs. Continuous environmental monitoring and large-scale studies on antibiotic contamination are crucial for evidence-based pollution control and the effective mitigation of environmental AMR.
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Registered trials
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