ArticleCell reports2025
The microglial response to inhibition of Colony-stimulating-factor-1 receptor by PLX3397 differs by sex in adult mice.
Article in Cell reports, 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 8 papers.
What it found
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Who cites it
8 citing papers in PubMed.
- Sex-Dependent Effects of CSF1R-Mediated Myeloid Cell Depletion in a Mouse Model of Multiple System Atrophy.The European journal of neuroscience · 2026Article
- A multi-omic atlas in the African turquoise killifish reveals increased glucocorticoid signaling as a hallmark of brain aging.bioRxiv : the preprint server for biology · 2026Article
- Timing of microglial ablation determines protection from tau-mediated neurodegeneration and cognitive decline.Acta neuropathologica communications · 2026Article
- Neuroinflammation in Alzheimer's disease-associated sensory dysfunction: mechanistic links, actionable targets and therapeutic strategies.Frontiers in aging neuroscience · 2026Review
- CSF1R and IL1R1 inhibitors synergistically attenuate the early pathogenesis of traumatic brain injury in mice.Neurotherapeutics : the journal of the American Society for Experimental NeuroTherapeutics · 2026Article
- Microglial interferon signaling and Aβ plaque pathology are enhanced in female 5xFAD Alzheimer's disease mice, independent of estrous cycle stage.Journal of neuroinflammation · 2025Article
- The role of pancreatic islet macrophages in type 2 diabetes mellitus: from underlying pathological mechanisms to therapeutic target discovery.Metabolism open · 2025Review
- Controlled Delivery of a Neurotrophic Factor in the Adult Mouse Brain Using Engineered Microglia.bioRxiv : the preprint server for biology · 2025Article
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Authors and funding
7 authors.
Funding
Abstract
Microglia, the resident macrophages of the brain, are derived from the yolk sac and colonize the brain before the blood-brain barrier forms. Once established, they expand locally and require Colony-stimulating-factor-1 receptor (CSF1R) signaling for their development and maintenance. CSF1R inhibitors have been used extensively to deplete microglia in the healthy and diseased brain. In this study, we demonstrated sex-dependent differences in the microglial response to the CSF1R inhibitor PLX3397. Male mice exhibited greater microglial depletion compared to females. Transcriptomic and flow cytometry analysis revealed sex-specific differences in the remaining microglia population, with female microglia upregulating autophagy and proteostasis pathways while male microglia increased mitobiogenesis. Furthermore, manipulating key microglial receptors by using different transgenic mouse lines resulted in changes in depletion efficacies that were also sex dependent. These findings suggest sex-dependent microglial survival mechanisms, which might contribute to the well-documented sex differences in various neurological disorders.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.