Evidence map›Paper›PMID 39840920›Full record

ArticleAdvanced science (Weinheim, Baden-Wurttemberg, Germany)2025

Omnidirectional 3D Printing of PEDOT: PSS Aerogels with Tunable Electromechanical Performance: A Playground for Unconventional Stretchable Interconnects and Thermoelectrics.

Hasan Emre Baysal, Tzu-Yi Yu, Viktor Naenen, Stijn De Smedt, Defne Hiz, Bokai Zhang, Heyi Xia, Isidro Florenciano, Martin Rosenthal, Ruth Cardinaels and 1 more

Abstract read
In one paragraph

Article in Advanced science (Weinheim, Baden-Wurttemberg, Germany), 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 7 papers.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
7citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

7 citing papers in PubMed.

  1. Article
  2. Review
  3. Toward a Consensus Characterization Protocol for Organic Thermoelectrics.Advanced materials (Deerfield Beach, Fla.) · 2026
    Article
  4. Article
  5. Article
  6. Solution-Based 3D Printing of Thermoelectrics: Advances and Opportunities.Advanced science (Weinheim, Baden-Wurttemberg, Germany) · 2025
    Review
  7. Article
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

11 authors.

Hasan Emre BaysalDepartment of Materials Engineering, KU Leuven, Kasteelpark Arenberg 44, Leuven, 3001, Belgium.ORCID https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8074-2132
Tzu-Yi YuDepartment of Materials Engineering, KU Leuven, Kasteelpark Arenberg 44, Leuven, 3001, Belgium.
Viktor NaenenDepartment of Materials Engineering, KU Leuven, Kasteelpark Arenberg 44, Leuven, 3001, Belgium.
Stijn De SmedtDepartment of Chemical Engineering, Soft Matter, Rheology and Technology (SMaRT), KU Leuven, Celestijnenlaan 200J, Leuven, 3001, Belgium.
Defne HizDepartment of Materials Engineering, KU Leuven, Kasteelpark Arenberg 44, Leuven, 3001, Belgium.
Bokai ZhangDepartment of Materials Engineering, KU Leuven, Kasteelpark Arenberg 44, Leuven, 3001, Belgium.
Heyi XiaDepartment of Materials Engineering, KU Leuven, Kasteelpark Arenberg 44, Leuven, 3001, Belgium.
Isidro FlorencianoDepartment of Materials Engineering, KU Leuven, Kasteelpark Arenberg 44, Leuven, 3001, Belgium.
Martin RosenthalDepartment of Chemistry, KU Leuven, Celestijnenlaan 200f, Leuven, 3001, Belgium.ORCID https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6014-6050
Ruth CardinaelsDepartment of Chemical Engineering, Soft Matter, Rheology and Technology (SMaRT), KU Leuven, Celestijnenlaan 200J, Leuven, 3001, Belgium.ORCID https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4191-6504
Francisco Molina-LopezDepartment of Materials Engineering, KU Leuven, Kasteelpark Arenberg 44, Leuven, 3001, Belgium.ORCID https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4329-4059

Funding

Erasmus+ mobility programme 2021-1-TR01-KA131-HED-000003626Fonds Wetenschappelijk Onderzoek 40007563Fonds Wetenschappelijk Onderzoek CONNECTH2020 European Research Council 948922HORIZON EUROPE European Research Council 948739Onderzoeksraad, KU Leuven C14/21/078Research Foundation - Flanders 11K9223N
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

The next generation of soft electronics will expand to the third dimension. This will require the integration of mechanically compliant 3D functional structures with stretchable materials. Here, omnidirectional direct ink writing (DIW) of poly(3,4-ethylenedioxythiophene): polystyrene sulfonate (PEDOT:PSS) aerogels with tunable electrical and mechanical performance is demonstrated, which can be integrated with soft substrates. Several PEDOT:PSS hydrogels are formulated for DIW and freeze-dried directly on stretchable substrates to form integrated aerogels displaying high shape fidelity and minimal shrinkage. This technology demonstrates 3D-structured stretchable interconnects, planar thermoelectric generators for skin electronics, and vertically printed high aspect ratio thermoelectric pillars with ultralow thermal conductivity of 0.065 W m

Indexed as

organic thermoelectricsPEDOT:PSSprinted electronicsstretchable electronicsthermoelectric aerogels

Identifiers

PMID39840920
PMCPMC11923886

What OpenQuestion holds

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LicenceCC BY
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.