ArticleFrontiers in bioengineering and biotechnology2024
Loading rate, geometry, and damage state influence vertical extraction biomechanics in an ex vivo swine dental model.
Article in Frontiers in bioengineering and biotechnology, 2024. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.
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Abstract
Introduction: Validated models describing the biomechanics of tooth extraction are scarce. This study seeks to perform experimental and numerical characterization of vertical tooth extraction biomechanics in swine incisors with imposed vertical extraction loads. Imaging analysis related mechanical outcomes to tooth geometry and applied loading rate. Then, the predictive capabilities of the developed finite element analysis (FEA) models were demonstrated by testing different loading scenarios and validating the results against experimental equivalents. Methods: Simulated vertical extractions were performed on partial swine central incisors (n = 49) and studied for peak extraction force and dental complex stiffness. Post-extraction µCT images were obtained to measure root surface attachment area (RSAA) and observe patterns of periodontal ligament (PDL) rupture. Crosshead force-displacement data was used in an inverse finite element analysis (IFEA) to verify parameters for the PDL in an axisymmetric model of tooth extraction. New force-hold loading protocols were devised Results: Reductions in loading rate and RSAA were found to significantly reduce peak extraction forces by 98N-120 N. Increases in instantaneous stiffness during loading were associated with increases in loading rate. Inverse finite element solutions demonstrated consistent PDL parameters across loading cases. Force-hold loading predicted extraction behaviour with large variance in extraction time. Damage imposed in the FEA model was able to predict experimental results from experiments on similarly-damaged dental complexes. Conclusion: This study presents a comprehensive experimental and numerical characterization of vertical tooth extraction biomechanics employing an
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