ArticleFrontiers in immunology2024
Magnitude and dynamics of the T-cell response to SARS-CoV-2 infection at both individual and population levels.
Article in Frontiers in immunology, 2024. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 155 papers, 3 of them syntheses that pooled it.
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Who cites it
155 citing papers in PubMed, 3 syntheses or guidelines pooled it.
- Resolving SARS-CoV-2 CD4Cell reports. Medicine · 2022Pooled it
- In Vitro Monitoring of Human T Cell Responses to Skin Sensitizing Chemicals-A Systematic Review.Cells · 2021Pooled it
- Landscape of epitopes targeted by T cells in 852 individuals recovered from COVID-19: Meta-analysis, immunoprevalence, and web platform.Cell reports. Medicine · 2021Pooled it
- Vaccine-induced T cell responses correlate with reduced risk of severe COVID-19 in a placebo-controlled efficacy trial.EBioMedicine · 2025Trial
- Trial
- T-cell receptor repertoires as potential diagnostic markers for patients with COVID-19.International journal of infectious diseases : IJID : official publication of the International Society for Infectious Diseases · 2021Trial
- Trial
- SARS-CoV-2-specific CD8+ T cell responses in convalescent COVID-19 individuals.The Journal of clinical investigation · 2021Trial
- Healthy donor T cell responses to common cold coronaviruses and SARS-CoV-2.The Journal of clinical investigation · 2020Trial
- Predicting specificity of TCR-pMHC interactions using machine-learning and biophysical models.Cell systems · 2026Article
- Dynamics of neutralizing antibody responses after trivalent XBB.1.5 booster vaccination: a 480-day longitudinal study.Signal transduction and targeted therapy · 2026Article
- Machine Learning of Personal Repertoires From Public T Cell Receptors.Immunological reviews · 2026Review
- Unbiased discovery of autoreactive type 1 diabetes T-cell receptors that bind specific hybrid insulin peptides.Research square · 2026Article
- Revised Adaptive Immune Receptor Data in the Immune Epitope Database.bioRxiv : the preprint server for biology · 2026Article
- Genomic analysis of T Cell receptors reveals lynch syndrome specific immune signatures.Nature communications · 2026Article
- Evaluating the utility of amino acid similarity-aware kmers to represent TCR repertoires for classification.PLoS computational biology · 2026Article
- Potent and dose-sparing next-generation SARS-CoV-2 vaccine, mRNA-1283, induces polyfunctional and durable T cell immunity.NPJ vaccines · 2026Article
- Identification of immunodominant T cell epitopes in SARS-CoV-2 spike protein in Syrian hamsters.Journal of immunology (Baltimore, Md. : 1950) · 2026Article
- Immune signatures of common exposures through co-occurrence of T-cell receptors in tens of thousands of donors.Frontiers in immunology · 2026Article
- Immunogenetics and TCR expression patterns together predict future T1D onset from multi-omic datasets.Frontiers in genetics · 2026Article
95 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.
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58 authors.
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No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Introduction: T cells are involved in the early identification and clearance of viral infections and also support the development of antibodies by B cells. This central role for T cells makes them a desirable target for assessing the immune response to SARS-CoV-2 infection. Methods: Here, we combined two high-throughput immune profiling methods to create a quantitative picture of the T-cell response to SARS-CoV-2. First, at the individual level, we deeply characterized 3 acutely infected and 58 recovered COVID-19 subjects by experimentally mapping their CD8 T-cell response through antigen stimulation to 545 Human Leukocyte Antigen (HLA) class I presented viral peptides. Then, at the population level, we performed T-cell repertoire sequencing on 1,815 samples (from 1,521 COVID-19 subjects) as well as 3,500 controls to identify shared "public" T-cell receptors (TCRs) associated with SARS-CoV-2 infection from both CD8 and CD4 T cells. Results: Collectively, our data reveal that CD8 T-cell responses are often driven by a few immunodominant, HLA-restricted epitopes. As expected, the T-cell response to SARS-CoV-2 peaks about one to two weeks after infection and is detectable for at least several months after recovery. As an application of these data, we trained a classifier to diagnose SARS-CoV-2 infection based solely on TCR sequencing from blood samples, and observed, at 99.8% specificity, high early sensitivity soon after diagnosis (Day 3-7 = 85.1% [95% CI = 79.9-89.7]; Day 8-14 = 94.8% [90.7-98.4]) as well as lasting sensitivity after recovery (Day 29+/convalescent = 95.4% [92.1-98.3]). Discussion: The approaches described in this work provide detailed insights into the adaptive immune response to SARS-CoV-2 infection, and they have potential applications in clinical diagnostics, vaccine development, and monitoring.
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