Evidence map›Paper›PMID 39838969›Full record

ArticleCase reports in endocrinology2025

An Unusual and Severe Thyrotoxicosis in a Twin Pregnancy: Fortune Favors the Brave.

Virginia Maltese, Elisa Gatta, Irene Silvestrini, Valentina Anelli, Francesca Bambini, Caterina Buoso, Maria Cavadini, Massimiliano Ugoccioni, Maura Saullo, Fiorella Marini and 4 more

Abstract readCase Reports
In one paragraph

Article in Case reports in endocrinology, 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 1 paper.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
1citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

1 citing paper in PubMed.

  1. Article
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

14 authors.

Virginia MalteseDepartment of Clinical and Experimental Sciences, University of Brescia, Brescia, Italy.
Elisa GattaDepartment of Clinical and Experimental Sciences, University of Brescia, Brescia, Italy.
Irene SilvestriniDepartment of Clinical and Experimental Sciences, University of Brescia, Brescia, Italy.
Valentina AnelliDepartment of Clinical and Experimental Sciences, University of Brescia, Brescia, Italy.
Francesca BambiniDepartment of Clinical and Experimental Sciences, University of Brescia, Brescia, Italy.
Caterina BuosoDepartment of Clinical and Experimental Sciences, University of Brescia, Brescia, Italy.
Maria CavadiniDepartment of Clinical and Experimental Sciences, University of Brescia, Brescia, Italy.
Massimiliano UgoccioniDepartment of Clinical and Experimental Sciences, University of Brescia, Brescia, Italy.
Maura SaulloSSD Endocrinologia, ASST Spedali Civili, Brescia, Italy.
Fiorella MariniSSD Endocrinologia, ASST Spedali Civili, Brescia, Italy.
Elena GandossiSSD Endocrinologia, ASST Spedali Civili, Brescia, Italy.
Andrea DelbarbaDepartment of Clinical and Experimental Sciences, University of Brescia, Brescia, Italy.
Ilenia PirolaDepartment of Clinical and Experimental Sciences, University of Brescia, Brescia, Italy.
Carlo CappelliDepartment of Clinical and Experimental Sciences, University of Brescia, Brescia, Italy.ORCID https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4317-1232

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

Graves' disease (GD) and gestational transient thyrotoxicosis (GTT) are the most common causes of thyrotoxicosis during pregnancy, with prevalence ranging from 0.1% to 1% and from 1% to 3%, respectively. Hyperthyroidism during pregnancy can have severe consequences if not promptly recognized and treated. Even more severe, if possible, is the thyroid storm, a life-threatening complication of hyperthyroidism, characterized by severe and dramatic clinical manifestations of thyrotoxicosis. No prior history of thyroid disease, absence of GD stigmata, negative thyrotropin (TSH) receptor antibody levels, serum human chorionic gonadotropin (hCG) higher on average, and symptoms of emesis may lead to the diagnosis of GTT. Few cases of thyroid storm during pregnancy are reported in literature, mainly due to gestational trophoblastic disease. We report a rare and severe case of thyroid storm in a 24-year-old woman at 15 weeks' gestation with twins, likely due to GTT, precipitated by acute myocarditis. Initially presenting with weakness, vomiting, and sinus tachycardia, the patient rapidly deteriorated into a life-threatening condition characterized by hypokalemia, myocardial injury, and severe thyrotoxicosis. Cardiac imaging later revealed acute myocarditis. Thyroid function stabilized at the end of the pregnancy, allowing discontinuation of methimazole. Both fetuses were delivered via emergency cesarean section at 36 weeks, with no significant congenital abnormalities. This case highlights the complexity of diagnosing and managing hyperthyroidism in twin pregnancies, particularly in the context of hyperemesis gravidarum (HG).

Identifiers

PMID39838969
PMCPMC11748746

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