ArticleEquine veterinary journal2025
Clinical findings of candidate stallions presented for licensing at all German Warmblood horse-breeding associations in 2018-2020.
Article in Equine veterinary journal, 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 2 papers.
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Who cites it
2 citing papers in PubMed.
- The effect of romifidine on endoscopic grading of laryngeal function in horses.The Veterinary record · 2026Article
- Clinical findings of candidate stallions presented for licensing at all German Warmblood horse-breeding associations in 2018-2020.Equine veterinary journal · 2025Article
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Authors and funding
4 authors.
Funding
Abstract
backgroundThere is very little information available about the health status of young stallions from the German Warmblood population that will, once licensed, shape the future of equestrian sport and horse breeding.
objectivesTo evaluate the prevalence of clinical findings at licensing examinations of candidate stallions and the influences of season of birth, age at licensing, year of licensing, and the evaluator on the distribution of recorded findings. STUDY
designRetrospective observational study.
methodsClinical records of 1655 candidate stallions presented for licensing in 2018-2020 were reviewed. Data were provided by all German Warmblood horse-breeding associations and their official veterinarians. Storage and processing of the records was performed using the German equine health database. Generalised linear models were used to determine the influences of fixed effects (season of birth, age at licensing, year of licensing, evaluator) on main clinical findings. The significance level was set at p < 0.05.
resultsNo remarks were documented on the clinical examination protocol in 777 of the 1655 horses (47.0%). Furthermore, 51.9% of those stallions with remarks had only one finding documented. The main abnormalities recorded were skin lesions, enlargements on the limbs, and testicular findings. The distributions of several clinical findings differed significantly between the evaluators. MAIN LIMITATIONS: Homogenous study population and retrospective data.
conclusionsThe clinical part of the licensing examination of German Warmblood candidate stallions presented in 2018-2020 rarely revealed abnormalities. The majority of the clinical findings which were recorded are considered to be of minor clinical relevance, implying an overall favourable clinical health status of the presented stallions.
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