ArticleJournal of cosmetic dermatology2025
Design, Preparation, and Ex Vivo Skin Permeation of Doxepin Microemulsion System for Topical Delivery.
Article in Journal of cosmetic dermatology, 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 3 papers.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
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Who cites it
3 citing papers in PubMed.
- Preclinical investigation of hydroxychloroquine loaded ethosomal gel for topical treatment of rheumatoid arthritis.Inflammopharmacology · 2026Article
- Hyaluronic Acid-functionalized Hesperidin-loaded Solid Lipid Nanoparticles for Mitigating Oxidative Stress: A Potential Strategy for Radiation-induced Skin Injury.Applied biochemistry and biotechnology · 2026Article
- Encapsulation of Cannabidiol in Chitosan-Stabilized Argan Oil Nanoemulsion as a Potential Dermal Drug Delivery System for Psoriasis Treatment.Pharmaceutics · 2026Article
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
6 authors.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
backgroundDoxepin (DX) is used orally to relieve itching but can cause side effects like blurred vision, dry mouth, and drowsiness due to its antimuscarinic effect. To reduce these adverse effects and improve skin permeation, DX is being developed in topical formulations. This study aims to improve DX skin absorption by developing a microemulsion (ME) formulation (ME-DX). METHOD AND MATERIALS: ME formulations containing 5% DX were prepared using the phase diagram method with a mixture of essential oil (oleic acid), surfactant (Tween 80 and Labrazol), and cosurfactant (propylene glycol or PG). The physicochemical properties of these formulations were assessed to improve the topical application of DX.
resultsME droplet sizes ranged from 9.8 to 61.6 nm, with viscosities between 114 and 239 cps. Studies showed a significant correlation between DX release percentages and viscosity. ME-DX-2 released 46.51% of the drug after 24 h. Selected ME-DX formulations demonstrated Weibull, Log Wagner, and zero-order release kinetics, and improved skin permeability. ME-DX-8 exhibited an eightfold increase in Jss and P parameters compared to the control group. MEs maintained 99.9% of DX after 6 months without color changes or phase separation, indicating long-term stability.
conclusionThis research demonstrates that altering the content and composition of MEs can change the physicochemical properties and permeability characteristics of DX when introduced into rats. Additionally, ME formulation shows promise as an effective vehicle for topical DX delivery in atopic dermatitis treatment.
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