Evidence map›Paper›PMID 39838540›Full record

ArticleNeuropsychopharmacology reports2025

The Association Between Autism Spectrum Disorders and Dietary Intake of Carbohydrates in School-Aged Children in Iran: A Case-Control Study.

Shirin Tajadod, Zahra Roumi, Saheb Abbas Torki, Seyedeh Hayedeh Mousavi Shalmani, Mahdi Moradi, Zahra Saeedirad, Khadijeh Abbasi Mobarakeh, Saeideh Mohammadi, Soheila Shekari, Pouya Mirzaee and 3 more

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Article in Neuropsychopharmacology reports, 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.

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1 · What the graph read from it

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2 · The registry

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4 · The record

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5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

13 authors.

Shirin TajadodDepartment of Nutrition, School of Public Health, International Campus, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
Zahra RoumiDepartment of Nutrition, Science and Research Branch, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran.
Saheb Abbas TorkiDepartment of Nutrition, Faculty of Nutrition Sciences, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran.
Seyedeh Hayedeh Mousavi ShalmaniGuilan University of Medical Sciences, Rasht, Iran.
Mahdi MoradiDepartment of Clinical Psychology, Payame Noor University (PNU), Tehran, Iran.
Zahra SaeediradDepartment of Clinical Nutrition and Dietetics, Faculty of Nutrition and Food Technology, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
Khadijeh Abbasi MobarakehFood Security Research Center and Department of Community Nutrition, School of Nutrition and Food Science, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran.
Saeideh MohammadiZanjan University of Medical Sciences, Zanjan, Iran.
Soheila ShekariDepartment of Nutrition, Science and Research Branch, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran.
Pouya MirzaeeDepartment of Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Semnan University of Medical Sciences, Semnan, Iran.
Parsa BahmaniDepartment of Clinical Nutrition, School of Nutrition and Food Sciences, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
Anahita Houshyar-RadDepartment of Nutrition Research, Faculty of Nutrition Sciences and Food Technology, National Nutrition and Food Technology Research Institute, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
Saeid DoaeiDepartment of Community Nutrition, School of Nutrition and Food Sciences, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.ORCID https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1337-4963

Funding

Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences 16436
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

backgroundAutism spectrum disorder (ASD) is a neurodevelopmental disorder with both genetic and environmental risk factors. Imbalanced dietary Intake has recently been proposed as a possible environmental risk factor for ASD. The purpose of this study was to investigate the possible connection between ASD and intake of various carbohydrate types.

methods110 patients with autism from 5 to 15 years of age have been included as the case group and 110 neurotypical children who are part of a similar age category have been chosen as controls for this case-control study. To estimate the dietary intake of carbohydrates, a validated food frequency questionnaire (FFQ) was used.

resultsPositive connections were found between ASD and the intake of sugar (OR = 1.03, CI 95%: 1.02-1.06, p = 0.001), and maltose (OR = 2.09, CI 95%: 1.37-3.20, p = 0.001). A reverse correlation was found between ASD and dietary intake of carbohydrates (OR = 0.97, CI 95%: 0.96-0.98, p = 0.001), fructose (OR = 0.85, CI 95%: 0.77-0.94, p = 0.002), and lactose (OR = 0.89, CI 95%: 0.83-0.96, p = 0.002).

conclusionThis study showed a direct link between autism and the intake of sugar and maltose and an inverse connection between autism and the dietary intake of total carbohydrate, fructose, and lactose. There is a need to carry out additional long-term studies.

Indexed as

Autism Spectrum DisorderDietary CarbohydratesAdolescentCase-Control StudiesChildChild, PreschoolFemaleHumansIranMaleDietary Carbohydratesautism Spectrum disordercarbohydratesdietary intake

Identifiers

PMID39838540
PMCPMC11750687

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