Observational studyAlzheimer's research & therapy2025
Short-term variability of Alzheimer's disease plasma biomarkers in a mixed memory clinic cohort.
Observational study in Alzheimer's research & therapy, 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. An erratum has been issued. It is linked to trial NCT05175664 (TRacking Alzheimer´s Disease), which is not on this map. Cited by 13 papers.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
TRacking Alzheimer´s Disease: a Study of Disease trajeCtory and Development of Diagnostic and Disease Stage biomarKers in AD (TRACK-AD)
Who cites it
13 citing papers in PubMed.
- Blood-based biomarkers of Alzheimer's disease: potential utility in clinical practice.Current opinion in neurology · 2026Review
- A minimally invasive dried blood spot biomarker test for the detection of Alzheimer's disease pathology.Nature medicine · 2026Article
- Anemia, iron deficiency, and blood biomarkers for Alzheimer disease: clinical interpretation and dementia risk stratification.Frontiers in nutrition · 2026Review
- Running out the clock: Circadian rhythm dysfunction in cognitive disease.International review of neurobiology · 2026Review
- Prognostic value of plasma biomarkers in early Alzheimer's disease: a longitudinal clinical and neuroimaging study.Alzheimer's research & therapy · 2025Observational
- Seeking optimal repeated fluid biomarker assessments to enhance precision and statistical power in clinical trials: SLIM method.Alzheimer's & dementia : the journal of the Alzheimer's Association · 2025Article
- Early detection of Alzheimer's disease using small RNAs. Results from the EPAD cohort.The journal of prevention of Alzheimer's disease · 2025Article
- Associations of Plasma p-tau181 With Age, Adjusted for Kidney Function and Sociodemographic Factors.International journal of geriatric psychiatry · 2025Article
- Correction: Short‑term variability of Alzheimer's disease plasma biomarkers in a mixed memory clinic cohort.Alzheimer's research & therapy · 2025Article
- Cannabis and Cannabidiol: Pioneering Treatment for the Nervous System with Alzheimer's Disease and Peripheral Organ Involvement with Nonalcoholic Fatty Liver Disease (NAFLD).Current neurovascular research · 2025Article
- Anxiety and Depression: Triggers for Cognitive Loss, Alzheimer's Disease, and Neurodegeneration.Current neurovascular research · 2025Article
- The plasma p-tau217/BD-tau ratio improves biomarker short-term variability in memory clinic patients.Alzheimer's & dementia (New York, N. Y.)Article
- Tears as a window to Alzheimer's disease: A systematic review of biomarkers for early detection.Alzheimer's & dementia (Amsterdam, Netherlands)Review
Corrections and comments
- Erratum issued
Authors and funding
10 authors.
Funding
Abstract
backgroundFor clinical implementation of Alzheimer's disease (AD) blood-based biomarkers (BBMs), knowledge of short-term variability, is crucial to ensure safe and correct biomarker interpretation, i.e., to capture changes or treatment effects that lie beyond that of expected short-term variability and considered clinically relevant. In this study we investigated short-term intra- and inter-individual variability of AD biomarkers in the intended use population, memory clinic patients.
methodsIn a consecutive sample of memory clinic patients (AD n = 27, non-AD n = 20), blood samples were collected on three separate days within a period of 36 days and analysed for plasma Aβ40, Aβ42, p-tau181, p-tau217, p-tau231, T-tau, neurofilament light (NfL), and glial fibrillary acidic protein (GFAP). We measured intra- and inter-individual variability and explored if the variability could be affected by confounding factors. Secondly, we established the minimum change required to detect a difference between two given blood samples that exceeds intra-individual variability and analytical variation (reference change value, RCV). Finally, we tested if classification accuracy varied across the three visits.
resultsIntra-individual variability ranged from ~ 3% (Aβ42/40) to ~ 12% (T-tau). Inter-individual variability ranged from ~ 7% (Aβ40) to ~ 39% (NfL). Adjusting the models for time, eGFR, Hba1c, and BMI did not affect the variation. RCV was lowest for Aβ42/Aβ40 (- ~ 15%/ + ~ 17%) and highest in p-tau181 (- ~ 30/ + ~ 42%). No variation in classification accuracies was found across visits.
conclusionWe found low intra-individual variability, robust to various factors, appropriate to capture individual changes in AD BBMs, while moderate inter-individual variability may give rise to caution in diagnostic contexts. High RCVs may pose challenges for AD BBMs with low fold changes and consequently, short-term variability is important to take into consideration when, e.g., estimating intervention effect and longitudinal changes of AD BBM levels.
trial registrationClinicaltrials.gov (NCT05175664), date of registration 2021-12-01.
Indexed as
Identifiers
What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.