Evidence map›Paper›PMID 39837288›Full record

ArticleNeuroepidemiology2026

Global Burden of Alzheimer's Disease and Other Dementias during 1990-2021: A Global Burden of Disease and Risk Factors Study 2021-Based Study.

Renxi Wang

Abstract read
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Article in Neuroepidemiology, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 24 papers, 2 of them syntheses that pooled it.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
24citing papers in PubMed, 2 pooled it
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

24 citing papers in PubMed, 2 syntheses or guidelines pooled it.

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  5. Long-term trends in selected neurological disorders in Italy (1990-2023): analysis of the global burden of disease (GBD) 2023 data.Neurological sciences : official journal of the Italian Neurological Society and of the Italian Society of Clinical Neurophysiology · 2026
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  16. AD-related plasma biomarkers in centenarians: links to cognition and neuropathology.Alzheimer's & dementia : the journal of the Alzheimer's Association · 2025
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4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

1 author.

Renxi WangBeijing Institute of Brain Disorders, Laboratory of Brain Disorders, Ministry of Science and Technology, Collaborative Innovation Center for Brain Disorders, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China, renxi_wang@ccmu.edu.cn.

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

introductionIn most countries and territories, current data on the burden of Alzheimer's disease (AD) and other dementias are lacking. We aimed to assess the trends, burden, and inequalities of AD and other dementias at global, regional, and national level from 1990 to 2021.

methodsThe data on disease burden of AD and other dementias during 1990-2021 were extracted from Global Burden of Disease and Risk Factors Study 2021 (GBD 2021). Average annual percentage changes (AAPCs) of age-standardized prevalence, mortality, and disability-adjusted life-years (DALYs) were estimated as an indicator to evaluate the healthcare system.

resultThe global age-standardized prevalence of AD and other dementias increased from 672 (95% uncertainty interval: 589 to 764) per 100,000 population in 1990 to 694 (603 to 794) per 100,000 population in 2021, with AAPCs of 0.09% (95% confidence interval: 0.06% to 0.11%). However, age-standardized mortality did not change (AAPCs: 0.00% [-0.01% to 0.02%]) and age-standardized DALYs slightly increased from 446 (206 to 958) to 451 (213 to 950) per 100,000 population (AAPCs: 0.01% [0.00% to 0.03%]). While the highest prevalence remained in population aged 65-69 and the countries with a high-middle sociodemographic index (SDI) such as East Asia (e.g., China), the highest mortality and DALYs were found in population aged 65-69 and the countries with a low-middle SDI such as South Asia (e.g., India). High fasting plasma glucose ranked the highest risk factor for DALYs during 1990-2021.

conclusionThe global increased prevalence of AD and other dementias may partly be attributed to population aged 65-69 in the countries with a high-middle SDI (e.g., China), whereas mortality and DALY ratio of population aged 65-69 from the countries with a low-middle SDI (e.g., India) is most significantly growing. Controlling of high fasting plasma glucose may be needed for the reduction of DALYs from AD and other dementias.

Indexed as

Alzheimer DiseaseDementiaGlobal Burden of DiseaseGlobal HealthAgedAged, 80 and overCost of IllnessDisability-Adjusted Life YearsFemaleHumansMaleMiddle AgedPrevalenceRisk FactorsAlzheimer’s diseaseDementiaDisability-adjusted life-yearsDisease burdenPrevalence

Identifiers

PMID39837288
PMCPMC12867495

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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.