Evidence map›Paper›PMID 39837091›Full record

ReviewJournal of physics. Condensed matter : an Institute of Physics journal2025

The 2025 motile active matter roadmap.

Gerhard Gompper, Howard A Stone, Christina Kurzthaler, David Saintillan, Fernado Peruani, Dmitry A Fedosov, Thorsten Auth, Cecile Cottin-Bizonne, Christophe Ybert, Eric Clément and 22 more

Abstract readReview
In one paragraph

Review in Journal of physics. Condensed matter : an Institute of Physics journal, 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 10 papers.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
10citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

10 citing papers in PubMed.

  1. Cell division sets a universal flow geometry in cell layers.Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America · 2026
    Article
  2. Article
  3. Article
  4. Extensile Active Hydrogels Driven by Living FtsZ Polymers.Small (Weinheim an der Bergstrasse, Germany) · 2026
    Article
  5. Article
  6. Article
  7. Article
  8. Run-and-tumble dynamics ofJournal of the Royal Society, Interface · 2025
    Article
  9. Modelling motility of Trypanosoma brucei.PLoS computational biology · 2025
    Article
  10. Metareview: a survey of active matter reviews.The European physical journal. E, Soft matter · 2025
    Review
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

32 authors.

Gerhard GompperTheoretical Physics of Living Matter, Institute for Advanced Simulation, Forschungszentrum Jülich, D-52425 Jülich, Germany.ORCID 0000-0002-8904-0986
Howard A StoneDepartment of Mechanical and Aerospace Engineering, Princeton University, Princeton, NJ 08544, United States of America.ORCID 0000-0002-9670-0639
Christina KurzthalerMax Planck Institute for the Physics of Complex Systems, Center for Systems Biology Dresden, Cluster of Excellence, Physics of Life, TU Dresden, Dresden, Germany.ORCID 0000-0002-5516-1464
David SaintillanDepartment of Mechanical and Aerospace Engineering, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA 92093, United States of America.ORCID 0000-0001-9948-708X
Fernado PeruaniCY Cergy Paris University, 95302 Cergy-Pontoise, France.ORCID 0000-0003-2985-8935
Dmitry A FedosovTheoretical Physics of Living Matter, Institute for Advanced Simulation, Forschungszentrum Jülich, D-52425 Jülich, Germany.ORCID 0000-0001-7469-9844
Thorsten AuthTheoretical Physics of Living Matter, Institute for Advanced Simulation, Forschungszentrum Jülich, D-52425 Jülich, Germany.ORCID 0000-0002-6618-2316
Cecile Cottin-BizonneUniversité de Lyon, Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1, CNRS, Institut Lumière Matière, Villeurbanne, France.ORCID 0000-0001-5807-9215
Christophe YbertUniversité de Lyon, Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1, CNRS, Institut Lumière Matière, Villeurbanne, France.
Eric ClémentLaboratoire PMMH-ESPCI, UMR 7636 CNRS-PSL-Research University, Sorbonne Université, Université Paris Cité, 75005 Paris, France.ORCID 0000-0002-2068-9699
Thierry DarnigeLaboratoire PMMH-ESPCI, UMR 7636 CNRS-PSL-Research University, Sorbonne Université, Université Paris Cité, 75005 Paris, France.
Anke LindnerLaboratoire PMMH-ESPCI, UMR 7636 CNRS-PSL-Research University, Sorbonne Université, Université Paris Cité, 75005 Paris, France.ORCID 0000-0002-5007-9568
Raymond E GoldsteinDepartment of Applied Mathematics and Theoretical Physics, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, United Kingdom.ORCID 0000-0003-2645-0598
Benno LiebchenTechnische Universität Darmstadt, 64289 Darmstadt, Germany.ORCID 0000-0002-7647-6430
Jack BinyshInstitute of Physics, Universiteit van Amsterdam, Science Park 904, 1098 XH Amsterdam, The Netherlands.
Anton SouslovT.C.M. Group, Cavendish Laboratory, University of Cambridge, Cambridge CB3 0HE, United Kingdom.ORCID 0000-0001-7735-100X
Lucio IsaLaboratory for Soft Materials and Interfaces, Department of Materials, ETH Zurich, 8093 Zurich, Switzerland.ORCID 0000-0001-6731-9620
Roberto di LeonardoDipartimento di Fisica, Sapienza Università di Roma, Rome, Italy.
Giacomo FrangipaneDipartimento di Fisica, Sapienza Università di Roma, Rome, Italy.ORCID 0000-0002-1533-4754
Hongri GuDepartment of Physics, University of Konstanz, Konstanz, Germany.
Bradley J NelsonInstitute of Robotics and Intelligent Systems, ETH Zürich, Zurich, Switzerland.
Fridtjof BraunsKavli Institute for Theoretical Physics, University of California Santa Barbara, Santa Barbara, CA 93106, United States of America.ORCID 0000-0002-6108-9278
M Cristina MarchettiDepartment of Physics, University of California Santa Barbara, Santa Barbara, CA 93106, United States of America.ORCID 0000-0003-3583-4999
Frank CichosMolecular Nanophotonics, Leipzig University, 04013 Leipzig, Germany.ORCID 0000-0002-9803-4975
Veit-Lorenz HeutheDepartment of Physics, University of Konstanz, Konstanz, Germany.ORCID 0000-0003-1248-4770
Clemens BechingerDepartment of Physics, University of Konstanz, Konstanz, Germany.ORCID 0000-0002-5496-5268
Amos KormanDepartment of Computer Science, University of Haifa, Haifa, Israel.
Ofer FeinermanDepartment of Physics of Complex Systems, Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot, Israel.
Andrea CavagnaIstituto Sistemi Complessi (ISC-CNR), Rome, Italy.
Irene GiardinaIstituto Sistemi Complessi (ISC-CNR), Rome, Italy.
Hannah JeckelDepartment of Biology and Biological Engineering, California Institute of Technology, Pasadena, CA 91125, United States of America.ORCID 0000-0002-7080-4907
Knut DrescherBiozentrum, University of Basel, 4056 Basel, Switzerland.ORCID 0000-0002-7340-2444

Funding

Wellcome Trust
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

Activity and autonomous motion are fundamental aspects of many living and engineering systems. Here, the scale of biological agents covers a wide range, from nanomotors, cytoskeleton, and cells, to insects, fish, birds, and people. Inspired by biological active systems, various types of autonomous synthetic nano- and micromachines have been designed, which provide the basis for multifunctional, highly responsive, intelligent active materials. A major challenge for understanding and designing active matter is their inherent non-equilibrium nature due to persistent energy consumption, which invalidates equilibrium concepts such as free energy, detailed balance, and time-reversal symmetry. Furthermore, interactions in ensembles of active agents are often non-additive and non-reciprocal. An important aspect of biological agents is their ability to sense the environment, process this information, and adjust their motion accordingly. It is an important goal for the engineering of micro-robotic systems to achieve similar functionality. Many fundamental properties of motile active matter are by now reasonably well understood and under control. Thus, the ground is now prepared for the study of physical aspects and mechanisms of motion in complex environments, the behavior of systems with new physical features like chirality, the development of novel micromachines and microbots, the emergent collective behavior and swarming of intelligent self-propelled particles, and particular features of microbial systems. The vast complexity of phenomena and mechanisms involved in the self-organization and dynamics of motile active matter poses major challenges, which can only be addressed by a truly interdisciplinary effort involving scientists from biology, chemistry, ecology, engineering, mathematics, and physics. The 2025 motile active matter roadmap of Journal of Physics: Condensed Matter reviews the current state of the art of the field and provides guidance for further progress in this fascinating research area.

Indexed as

active matterintelligent mattermicrobotsmicroswimmersnon-equilibrium systemsnon-reciprocal interactionsswarming

Identifiers

PMID39837091
PMCPMC11836640

What OpenQuestion holds

Textmetadata
LicenceCC BY
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.