Evidence map›Paper›PMID 39834718›Full record

ArticleBrain & spine2025

Diagnostic and prognostic performance of urine ubiquitin carboxy-terminal hydrolase L1 across multiple acute brain injury types - A longitudinal prospective cohort study.

Santtu Hellström, Antti Sajanti, Aditya Jhaveri, Abhinav Srinath, Carolyn Bennett, Ying Cao, Fredrika Koskimäki, Johannes Falter, Janek Frantzén, Seán B Lyne and 12 more

Abstract read
PubMed Full text at PMC Publisher
In one paragraph

Article in Brain & spine, 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 2 papers.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
2citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

2 citing papers in PubMed.

  1. Article
  2. Review
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

22 authors.

Santtu HellströmNeurocenter, Department of Neurosurgery, Turku University Hospital and University of Turku, P.O. Box 52, FI-20521, Turku, Finland.
Antti SajantiNeurocenter, Department of Neurosurgery, Turku University Hospital and University of Turku, P.O. Box 52, FI-20521, Turku, Finland.
Aditya JhaveriNeurovascular Surgery Program, Section of Neurosurgery, The University of Chicago Medicine and Biological Sciences, Chicago, IL, 60637, USA.
Abhinav SrinathNeurovascular Surgery Program, Section of Neurosurgery, The University of Chicago Medicine and Biological Sciences, Chicago, IL, 60637, USA.
Carolyn BennettNeurovascular Surgery Program, Section of Neurosurgery, The University of Chicago Medicine and Biological Sciences, Chicago, IL, 60637, USA.
Ying CaoDepartment of Radiation Oncology, Kansas University Medical Center, Kansas City, KS, 66160, USA.
Fredrika KoskimäkiNeurocenter, Acute Stroke Unit, Turku University Hospital, P.O. Box 52, FI-20521, Turku, Finland.
Johannes FalterDepartment of Neurosurgery, University Medical Center of Regensburg, Regensburg, 93042, Germany.
Janek FrantzénNeurocenter, Department of Neurosurgery, Turku University Hospital and University of Turku, P.O. Box 52, FI-20521, Turku, Finland.
Seán B LyneDepartment of Neurosurgery, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA.
Tomi RantamäkiLaboratory of Neurotherapeutics, Drug Research Program, Division of Pharmacology and Pharmacotherapy, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Helsinki, P.O. Box 56, FI-00014, Helsinki, Finland.
Riikka TakalaPerioperative Services, Intensive Care and Pain Medicine and Department of Anaesthesiology and Intensive Care, Turku University Hospital and University of Turku, P.O. Box52, FI-20521, Turku, Finland.
Jussi P PostiNeurocenter, Department of Neurosurgery, Turku University Hospital and University of Turku, P.O. Box 52, FI-20521, Turku, Finland.
Susanna RoineNeurocenter, Acute Stroke Unit, Turku University Hospital, P.O. Box 52, FI-20521, Turku, Finland.
Sulo KolehmainenNeuroscience Center, HiLIFE, University of Helsinki, P.O. Box 63, FI-00014, Helsinki, Finland.
Miro JänkäläDepartment of Neurosurgery, Oulu University Hospital, Box 25, OYS, 90029, Finland.
Jukka PuolitaivalDepartment of Neurosurgery, Oulu University Hospital, Box 25, OYS, 90029, Finland.
Romuald GirardNeurovascular Surgery Program, Section of Neurosurgery, The University of Chicago Medicine and Biological Sciences, Chicago, IL, 60637, USA.
Melissa RahiNeurocenter, Department of Neurosurgery, Turku University Hospital and University of Turku, P.O. Box 52, FI-20521, Turku, Finland.
Jaakko RinneNeurocenter, Department of Neurosurgery, Turku University Hospital and University of Turku, P.O. Box 52, FI-20521, Turku, Finland.
Eero CastrénNeuroscience Center, HiLIFE, University of Helsinki, P.O. Box 63, FI-00014, Helsinki, Finland.
Janne KoskimäkiNeurocenter, Department of Neurosurgery, Turku University Hospital and University of Turku, P.O. Box 52, FI-20521, Turku, Finland.

Funding

Ruth L. Kirschstein National Research Service Award (NRSA) Institutional Research Training Grant (Parent T32)T32HD007009 · NICHD · UNIVERSITY OF CHICAGO · PI NANCY B SCHWARTZ · 1985 to 2026
$13.0M
NICHD NIH HHS T32 HD007009
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

Introduction: Ubiquitin carboxy-terminal hydrolase L1 (UCH-L1) is recognized as a diagnostic and prognostic blood biomarker for traumatic brain injury (TBI). This study aimed to evaluate whether UCH-L1 concentrations measured in patients' urine post-injury could serve as a diagnostic or prognostic biomarker for outcomes in various types of acute brain injuries (ABI). Material and methods: This pilot study included 46 ABI patients: aneurysmal subarachnoid hemorrhage (n = 22), ischemic stroke (n = 16), and traumatic brain injury (n = 8), along with three healthy controls. Urine samples were collected at early (1.50 ± 0.70 days) and late (9.17 ± 3.40 days) periods post-admission. UCH-L1 and creatinine levels were quantified using ELISA. UCH-L1 concentrations were compared to functional outcomes (modified Rankin Scale, mRS) and dichotomized into favorable (mRS 0-3) and unfavorable (mRS 4-6) groups. Non-parametric statistical tests and ROC analysis was performed. Results: UCH-L1 concentrations in healthy controls were significantly lower compared to both early and late samples after ABI (p ≤ 0.001). The diagnostic performance of urine UCH-L1 at early timepoint showed excellent discriminatory ability, with AUC of 97.6% (95% CI: 93.0-100, p = 0.006 (sensitivity 98%, specificity 100%). Urine UCH-L1 concentrations, both with and without creatinine normalization, did not distinguish between favorable and unfavorable outcomes in either early (p = 0.88 and p = 0.36) or late samples (p = 0.98 and p = 0.30) in any types of ABI. Discussion and conclusions: Although UCH-L1 concentrations in urine did not differentiate between favorable and unfavorable outcomes, a significant difference was observed between healthy subjects and ABI patients. This finding underscores the significant diagnostic utility of urine UCH-L1 concentrations, regardless of the type of acute brain injury.

Indexed as

Brain injuryOutcomeStrokeTraumatic brain injuryUCHL1Urine

Identifiers

PMID39834718
PMCPMC11743582

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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.