Evidence map›Paper›PMID 39834131›Full record

ArticleJournal of extracellular vesicles2025

Comprehensive Phenotyping of Extracellular Vesicles in Plasma of Healthy Humans - Insights Into Cellular Origin and Biological Variation.

Marija Holcar, Ivica Marić, Tobias Tertel, Katja Goričar, Urška Čegovnik Primožič, Darko Černe, Bernd Giebel, Metka Lenassi

Abstract read
In one paragraph

Article in Journal of extracellular vesicles, 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 24 papers.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
24citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

24 citing papers in PubMed.

  1. Review
  2. Article
  3. Review
  4. Review
  5. Article
  6. Review
  7. Article
  8. Review
  9. Article
  10. Article
  11. Review
  12. Article
  13. Review
  14. Article
  15. Article
  16. Article
  17. Article
  18. Article
  19. Article
  20. Article
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

8 authors.

Marija HolcarInstitute of Biochemistry and Molecular Genetics, Faculty of Medicine, University of Ljubljana, Ljubljana, Slovenia.ORCID https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4237-0080
Ivica MarićDepartment of Immunohaematology, Blood Transfusion Centre of Slovenia, Ljubljana, Slovenia.
Tobias TertelInstitute for Transfusion Medicine, University Hospital Essen, University of Duisburg-Essen, Essen, Germany.ORCID https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8659-8610
Katja GoričarInstitute of Biochemistry and Molecular Genetics, Faculty of Medicine, University of Ljubljana, Ljubljana, Slovenia.ORCID https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5673-4458
Urška Čegovnik PrimožičClinical Institute for Clinical Chemistry and Biochemistry, University Medical Centre Ljubljana, Ljubljana, Slovenia.
Darko ČerneClinical Institute for Clinical Chemistry and Biochemistry, University Medical Centre Ljubljana, Ljubljana, Slovenia.
Bernd GiebelInstitute for Transfusion Medicine, University Hospital Essen, University of Duisburg-Essen, Essen, Germany.ORCID https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2446-948X
Metka LenassiInstitute of Biochemistry and Molecular Genetics, Faculty of Medicine, University of Ljubljana, Ljubljana, Slovenia.ORCID https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9488-6855

Funding

Blood Transfusion Centre of Slovenia 5966Slovenian Research and Innovation Agency P1-170
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

Despite immense interest in biomarker applications of extracellular vesicles (EVs) from blood, our understanding of circulating EVs under physiological conditions in healthy humans remains limited. Using imaging and multiplex bead-based flow cytometry, we comprehensively quantified circulating EVs with respect to their cellular origin in a large cohort of healthy blood donors. We assessed coefficients of variations to characterize their biological variation and explored demographic, clinical, and lifestyle factors contributing to observed variation. Cell-specific circulating EV subsets show a wide range of concentrations that do not correlate with cell-of-origin concentrations in blood, suggesting steady-state EV subset concentrations are regulated by complex mechanisms, which differ even for EV subsets from the same cell type. Interestingly, tetraspanin+ circulating EVs largely originate from platelets and to a lesser extent from lymphocytes. Principal component analysis (PCA) and association analyses demonstrate high biological inter-individual variation in circulating EVs across healthy humans, which are only partly explained by the influence of sex, menopausal status, age and smoking on specific circulating EV and/or tetraspanin+ circulating EV subsets. No global influence of the explored subject's factors on circulating EVs was detected. Our findings provide the first comprehensive, quantitative data towards the cell-origin atlas of plasma EVs, with important implications in the clinical use of EVs as biomarkers.

Indexed as

Extracellular VesiclesAdultAgedBiomarkersBlood PlateletsFemaleFlow CytometryHealthy VolunteersHumansMaleMiddle AgedPhenotypePrincipal Component AnalysisTetraspaninsBiomarkersTetraspaninsbiological variationbloodextracellular vesicleshealthy humansplasma

Identifiers

PMID39834131
PMCPMC11746918

What OpenQuestion holds

Textmetadata
LicenceCC BY-NC
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.