Evidence map›Paper›PMID 39833164›Full record

ArticleNature communications2025

Accelerated enzyme engineering by machine-learning guided cell-free expression.

Grant M Landwehr, Jonathan W Bogart, Carol Magalhaes, Eric G Hammarlund, Ashty S Karim, Michael C Jewett

Abstract read
In one paragraph

Article in Nature communications, 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 49 papers.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
49citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

49 citing papers in PubMed.

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  20. Protein engineering: status report.Protein engineering, design & selection : PEDS · 2026
    Review
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

6 authors.

Grant M Landwehr *Department of Chemical and Biological Engineering, Northwestern University, Evanston, IL, USA.
Jonathan W Bogart *Department of Chemical and Biological Engineering, Northwestern University, Evanston, IL, USA.
Carol MagalhaesDepartment of Chemical and Biological Engineering, Northwestern University, Evanston, IL, USA.
Eric G HammarlundDepartment of Chemical and Biological Engineering, Northwestern University, Evanston, IL, USA.
Ashty S KarimDepartment of Chemical and Biological Engineering, Northwestern University, Evanston, IL, USA. ashty.karim@northwestern.edu.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0002-5789-7715
Michael C JewettDepartment of Chemical and Biological Engineering, Northwestern University, Evanston, IL, USA. mjewett@stanford.edu.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0003-2948-6211

Funding

Tumor Environment and Metastasis (TEAM) Research ProgramP30CA060553 · NCI · NORTHWESTERN UNIVERSITY AT CHICAGO · PI Devalingam Mahalingam · 1993 to 2026
$153.9M
Innovative technologies to transform antibiotic discovery. Project 4 Infection site-specific amplification of antimicrobial conjugatesU19AI142780 · NIAID · BROAD INSTITUTE, INC. · PI HUNG, DEBORAH T · 2019 to 2023
$33.9M
ChimeraX -- Next Generation Visualization and Analysis Software for Multiscale ModelingR01GM129325 · NIGMS · UNIVERSITY OF CALIFORNIA, SAN FRANCISCO · PI FERRIN, THOMAS E · 2018 to 2025
$5.2M
NCI NIH HHS P30 CA060553NIAID NIH HHS U19 AI142780NIGMS NIH HHS R01 GM129325United States Department of Defense | Defense Threat Reduction Agency (DTRA) HDTRA1-21-1-0038U.S. Department of Energy (DOE) DE-SC0023278U.S. Department of Health & Human Services | National Institutes of Health (NIH) 1U19AI142780-01
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

Enzyme engineering is limited by the challenge of rapidly generating and using large datasets of sequence-function relationships for predictive design. To address this challenge, we develop a machine learning (ML)-guided platform that integrates cell-free DNA assembly, cell-free gene expression, and functional assays to rapidly map fitness landscapes across protein sequence space and optimize enzymes for multiple, distinct chemical reactions. We apply this platform to engineer amide synthetases by evaluating substrate preference for 1217 enzyme variants in 10,953 unique reactions. We use these data to build augmented ridge regression ML models for predicting amide synthetase variants capable of making 9 small molecule pharmaceuticals. Over these nine compounds, ML-predicted enzyme variants demonstrate 1.6- to 42-fold improved activity relative to the parent. Our ML-guided, cell-free framework promises to accelerate enzyme engineering by enabling iterative exploration of protein sequence space to build specialized biocatalysts in parallel.

Indexed as

Machine LearningProtein EngineeringCell-Free SystemSubstrate Specificity

Identifiers

PMID39833164
PMCPMC11747319

What OpenQuestion holds

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LicenceCC BY-NC-ND
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Registered trials

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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.