Evidence map›Paper›PMID 39832967›Full record

ArticleBMJ open2025

Adaptive clinical trial of AZD7442 and SARS-CoV-2 vaccination in immunosuppressed patients highly vulnerable to infection with SARS-CoV-2 virus (RAPID-PROTECTION): protocol for a multicentre, interventional open-label, randomised controlled trial.

Melanie Varley, Joanne Euden, Richard Adams, Eleanor Barnes, Craig Bodman, Ernest Choy, Paola Cicconi, Vivien Dagley, Katie Ewer, Sian Griffin and 14 more

Abstract readClinical Trial Protocol
In one paragraph

Article in BMJ open, 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 1 paper.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
1citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

1 citing paper in PubMed.

  1. Article
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

24 authors.

Melanie VarleyCentre for Trials Research, Cardiff University College of Biomedical and Life Sciences, Cardiff, UK boydm@cardiff.ac.uk.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0002-5702-9205
Joanne EudenCentre for Trials Research, Cardiff University College of Biomedical and Life Sciences, Cardiff, UK.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0002-2844-6878
Richard AdamsCentre for Trials Research, Cardiff University College of Biomedical and Life Sciences, Cardiff, UK.
Eleanor BarnesNuffield Department of Medicine, University of Oxford, Oxford, Oxfordshire, UK.
Craig BodmanCentre for Trials Research, Cardiff University College of Biomedical and Life Sciences, Cardiff, UK.
Ernest ChoyDivision of Infection and Immunity, CREATE Centre, Cardiff University School of Medicine, Cardiff, UK.
Paola CicconiJenner Institute, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK.
Vivien DagleyPatient and Public Involvement representative, Centre for Trials Research, Cardiff University, Cardiff, UK.
Katie EwerJenner Institute and Wellcome Human Genetics Centre, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK.
Sian GriffinUniversity Hospital of Wales, Cardiff, UK.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0001-5860-9036
Debbie HarrisCentre for Trials Research, Cardiff University College of Biomedical and Life Sciences, Cardiff, UK.
Adrian HillJenner Institute and Wellcome Human Genetics Centre, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK.
Kerenza HoodCardiff University College of Biomedical and Life Sciences, Cardiff, UK.
Steven KnapperDepartment of Haematology, Cardiff University School of Medicine, Cardiff, UK.
Shirley PringleLiverpool Head and Neck Centre Research Team, Liverpool University Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, Liverpool, UK.
Catherine PorterCentre for Trials Research, Cardiff University College of Biomedical and Life Sciences, Cardiff, UK.
Christian H OttensmeierMolecular and Clinical Cancer Medicine, University of Liverpool, Clatterbridge Cancer Centre NHS Foundation Trust, Liverpool, Wirral, UK.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0003-3619-1657
Lawrence RaisanenCentre for Trials Research, Cardiff University College of Biomedical and Life Sciences, Cardiff, UK.
Ruby RayCentre for Trials Research, Cardiff University College of Biomedical and Life Sciences, Cardiff, UK.
Rebecca TangneyPharmacy Department, Liverpool University Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, Liverpool, UK.
Keith WilsonBlood and Bone Marrow Transplantation Department, Cardiff University, Cardiff, UK.
Lisette Sheena NixonCentre for Trials Research, Cardiff University College of Biomedical and Life Sciences, Cardiff, UK.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0002-1270-6970
Emma Thomas-JonesCentre for Trials Research, Cardiff University College of Biomedical and Life Sciences, Cardiff, UK.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0001-7716-2786
Mark TuthillDepartment of Oncology, Oxford University Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, Oxford, UK.

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

introductionDespite repeated vaccinations against SARS-CoV-2 virus, patients who are immunocompromised remain at very high risk of catching SARS-CoV-2 virus and becoming unwell. AZD7442 (Evusheld) is a long-acting monoclonal antibody treatment that has been shown in clinical trials to prevent SARS-CoV-2 infection for up to a year after a single dose. Vaccines require a healthy immune system to generate protective immunity. AZD7442 may prevent SARS-CoV-2 infection in immunocompromised individuals that may not have responded to repeated vaccinations against SARS-CoV-2 virus. Unlike vaccinations, AZD7442 reaches effective levels within the body a few hours after a single dose. The RAPID-PROTECTION trial will determine the levels of immune protection that AZD7442 offers patients at the very highest risk of SARS-CoV-2 infection and whether this protection can be further enhanced by repeated vaccination against SARS-CoV-2 virus.

methodsRAPID-PROTECTION is a multicentre, interventional and open-label adaptive platform trial that aims to recruit 350 immunocompromised participants across five UK centres. Participants will be administered AZD7442 on day 0 followed by a SARS-CoV-2 vaccination 28 days later. Participants will be randomised (1:1) to the Moderna vaccine or Pfizer/BioNTech vaccine. Participant samples will be taken at baseline and at multiple timepoints after the administration of AZD7442. ANALYSIS: The participant samples will be analysed to measure the function and magnitude of SARS-CoV-2 specific antibody and T-cell responses at baseline and at multiple timepoints after the administration of AZD7442. The immunological effect of the study interventions will be determined by comparison of the results of immunological assessments at baseline and subsequent timepoints. ETHICS AND DISSEMINATION: The trial protocol was approved by the research ethics committee of the National Health Service (reference 22/HRA/0359), Health Research Authority and Health and Care Research Wales on 25 July 2022. Findings will be disseminated through peer-reviewed journals and presented at scientific conferences. TRIAL REGISTRATION NUMBER: ISRCTN53507177.

Indexed as

COVID-19COVID-19 VaccinesImmunocompromised HostAdaptive Clinical Trials as TopicFemaleHumansMulticenter Studies as TopicRandomized Controlled Trials as TopicSARS-CoV-2COVID-19 VaccinesClinical TrialCOVID-19ImmunologyVIROLOGY

Identifiers

PMID39832967
PMCPMC11752036

What OpenQuestion holds

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LicenceCC BY-NC
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Registered trials

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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.