Evidence map›Paper›PMID 39832949›Full record

ArticleSexually transmitted infections2025

Tom Witney, Greta Rait, John Saunders, Lorna Hobbs, Laura Mitchell, Jay Stewart, Lorraine K McDonagh

Abstract read
In one paragraph

Article in Sexually transmitted infections, 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 2 papers.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
2citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

2 citing papers in PubMed.

  1. Article
  2. Article
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

7 authors.

Tom WitneyInstitute for Global Health, UCL, London, UK tom.witney@ucl.ac.uk.ORCID 0000-0003-2695-0605
Greta RaitThe National Institute for Health Research Health Protection Research Unit in Blood Borne and Sexually Transmitted Infections at University College London in Partnership with the UK Health Security Agency, London, UK.
John SaundersThe National Institute for Health Research Health Protection Research Unit in Blood Borne and Sexually Transmitted Infections at University College London in Partnership with the UK Health Security Agency, London, UK.
Lorna HobbsTavistock and Portman NHS Trust, London, UK.
Laura MitchellUniversity Hospitals Plymouth NHS Trust, Plymouth, UK.
Jay StewartGendered Intelligence, London, UK.
Lorraine K McDonaghThe National Institute for Health Research Health Protection Research Unit in Blood Borne and Sexually Transmitted Infections at University College London in Partnership with the UK Health Security Agency, London, UK.ORCID 0000-0002-5122-0156

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

objectivesTrans and/or gender diverse (T/GD) people in the UK are less likely to access sexual health services (SHS) than cisgender people and are more likely to report negative experiences. The British Association for Sexual Health and HIV (BASHH) developed expert recommendations for T/GD-inclusive SHS, but these lack service user perspectives. This study addressed this gap by asking T/GD people how SHS could be T/GD-inclusive.

methodsSemistructured interviews (n=33) and focus groups (n=26) were conducted with T/GD people aged 17-71 years old recruited through community organisations and social media, exploring experiences of SHS and inclusivity. Study design, materials and analysis were informed by T/GD people and an advisory committee of charities and sexual health clinicians. Data were analysed using thematic analysis, managed using NVivo.

resultsParticipants often expected that SHS were not set up for T/GD people. This was reinforced by poor experiences in other healthcare settings and the lack of information on NHS websites. Some participants had been denied care because they were 'too complex'. Participants wanted to know that SHS had engaged with the needs of T/GD people and looked for hallmarks of inclusivity, such as Trans Pride flags in reception areas. Some participants wanted specialist T/GD services, but others preferred to access general SHS. Staff attitudes were a key factor underpinning inclusivity. Anticipating having their identity questioned or needs dismissed, participants sought kindness and openness. Although the needs of T/GD people are diverse and different from cisgender service users, participants stressed that SHS staff already had the skills to deliver sensitive person-centred care and emphasised the value of inclusive SHS.

conclusionThese findings provide insight into what a sample of T/GD people in the UK consider important for T/GD-inclusive SHS. Participants' suggestions align with and reinforce BASHH expert recommendations. Importantly, they highlight the need for ongoing engagement to deliver T/GD-inclusive SHS.

Indexed as

Health Services AccessibilityReproductive Health ServicesSexual HealthTransgender PersonsAdolescentAdultAgedFemaleFocus GroupsHumansInterviews as TopicMaleMiddle AgedQualitative ResearchUnited KingdomYoung AdultHEALTH SERVICES RESEARCHPatient ParticipationQUALITATIVE RESEARCHSexual and Gender MinoritiesSEXUAL HEALTH

Identifiers

PMID39832949
PMCPMC12322470

What OpenQuestion holds

Textmetadata
LicenceCC BY
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.