ArticleBreast cancer research and treatment2025
L-ICG as an optical agent to improve intraoperative margin detection in breast-conserving surgery: a prospective study.
Article in Breast cancer research and treatment, 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 2 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
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Who cites it
2 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it.
- Diagnostic accuracy and surgical outcomes of fluorescence-guided surgery in breast cancer: a systematic review and meta-analysis.World journal of surgical oncology · 2026Pooled it
- Intraoperative measurement of breast-conserving surgery margins: surgical application.Breast cancer research : BCR · 2026Review
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Authors and funding
10 authors.
Funding
Abstract
purposePrecise tumor excision is important in breast-conserving surgery (BCS). This study explores the safety and accuracy of fluorescence image-guided BCS (FIGS) using a lidocaine mucilage-ICG compound (L-ICG).
methods54 patients who underwent BCS from August 2020 to September 2023 were enrolled. L-ICG was locally injected 0.5 cm from the tumor border. FIGS was performed to guide the tumor excision. Frozen sectioning of surgical field biopsies was used to assess the intraoperative margin status. The primary outcome measures were margin width and positive margin rates. Cosmetic outcome was evaluated by the modified version of Breast-QTM Breast-Conserving Therapy Module (Postoperative) and breast cosmetic outcome assessment criteria.
resultsThe median cranial, caudal, medial, and lateral margin widths were 8 mm (interquartile range [IQR], 3-14), 5.5 mm (IQR, 2-15), 6 mm (IQR, 3-15), and 8 mm (IQR, 3-15), respectively. Five out of 54 (9.3%) patients had an intraoperative positive margin. Intraoperatively extended resection was performed for four patients and mastectomy for the remaining one. This further reduced the positive margin rate to 1.9% at final histopathology. 50 patients received cosmetic outcome evaluation, 100% of them were "somewhat satisfied" or "very satisfied" with the appearance of the operated breast when clothed and 98% of them were scaled as "Good" or "Excellent" in their appearance of the operated breast. No serious adverse events were observed. With a median follow-up of 12.8 months, no events for tumor relapse were observed.
conclusionL-ICG-based FIGS is a promising technique to guide precise tumor excision in BCS.
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